Foreword by Susan S. Hubbard ................................... ix
Preface ........................................................ xi
1 Fundamentals of the self-potential method .................... 1
1.1 Measurements ............................................ 1
1.2 The electrical double layer ............................ 11
1.3 Brief history .......................................... 14
1.4 The Poisson equation ................................... 16
1.5 Sources of noise ....................................... 17
1.6 Conclusions ............................................ 19
Exercises ................................................... 19
2 Development of a fundamental theory ......................... 23
2.1 Non-equilibrium thermodynamic .......................... 23
2.2 Upscaling: from local to macroscopic equations ......... 44
2.3 The geobattery and biogeobattery concepts .............. 68
2.4 Conclusions ............................................ 75
Exercises ................................................... 77
3 Laboratory investigations ................................... 82
3.1 Analyzing low-frequency electrical properties .......... 82
3.2 Investigating the geobattery concept in the
laboratory ............................................. 99
3.3 Conclusions ........................................... 104
Exercises .................................................. 105
4 Forward and inverse modeling ............................... 110
4.1 Position of the problem ............................... 110
4.2 Gradient-based approaches and their limitations ....... 114
4.3 Fully coupled inversion ............................... 131
4.4 Conclusions ........................................... 148
Exercises .................................................. 149
5 Applications to geohazards ................................. 154
5.1 Landslides and flank stability ........................ 154
5.2 Sinkhole detection .................................... 160
5.3 Detection of cavities ................................. 167
5.4 Leakages in dams and embankments ...................... 171
5.5 Conclusion ............................................ 191
6 Application to water resources ............................. 192
6.1 Pumping tests ......................................... 192
6.2 Flow in the vadose zone ............................... 209
6.3 Catchments hydrogeology ............................... 219
6.4 Contaminant plumes .................................... 232
6.5 Conclusions ........................................... 243
Exercises .................................................. 243
7 Application to hydrothermal systems ........................ 245
7.1 Stochastic inversion of temperature and self-
potential data ........................................ 245
7.2 The Cerro Prieto case study ........................... 261
7.3 Gradient-based approach applied to hydrothermal
fields ................................................ 268
7.4 Conclusions ........................................... 282
Exercises .................................................. 282
8 Seismoelectric coupling .................................... 284
8.1 Position of the problem ............................... 284
8.2 Seismoelectric theory in saturated media .............. 286
8.3 Numerical modeling .................................... 291
8.4 Application in saturated conditions ................... 293
8.5 Seismoelectric theory in unsaturated media ............ 298
8.6 Application in two-phase flow conditions .............. 319
8.7 Localization of hydromechanical events ................ 326
8.8 Seismic beamforming and the formation of electrical
bursts ................................................ 335
8.9 Conclusions ........................................... 338
Exercises .................................................. 339
Appendix A A simple model of the Stern layer ................. 342
Appendix В The u-p formulation of poroelasticity ............. 345
References .................................................... 348
Index ......................................................... 367
The color plate section can be found between pages 178 and 179.
| 
