INTRODUCTION .................................................... 1
1. History of exploration and documentation of the flora ...... 1
2. Biogeography of New Zealand's liverwort flora in
the world context ......................................... 13
3. Theories on origins of the present-day New Zealand
liverwort flora ........................................... 18
4. Ecological provinces of New Zealand ....................... 20
5. The climate of New Zealand ................................ 29
6. Geology and landforms of New Zealand ...................... 31
7. The vegetation of New Zealand ............................. 32
8. Principal substrates of New Zealand liverworts ............ 36
9. Distribution and range of liverwort species within
New Zealand ............................................... 39
10. Rarity and conservation ................................... 41
11. Guidance to users of the flora ............................ 42
12. Endophytic fungi in New Zealand liverworts,
by J.G. Duckett and R. Ligrone ............................ 48
13. Acknowledgments ........................................... 56
Order 1. CALOBRYALES Campb. .................................... 59
Family Haplomitriaceae Dedecek ............................... 60
Haplomitrium Nees ........................................ 60
Order 2. JUNGERMANNIALES H.Klinggr. ............................ 67
Suborder 1. LEPICOLEINEAE R.M.Schust. ......................... 93
Family Lepicoleaceae R.M.Schust. ............................. 94
Lepicolea Dumort. ........................................ 95
Suborder 2. NEOGROLLINEAE J.J.Engel & Braggins ............... 102
Family Neogrolleaceae (R.M.Schust.) J.J.Engel & Braggins .... 102
Neogrollea E.A.Hodgs. ................................... 102
Suborder 3. HERBERTINEAE R.M.Schust. ......................... 107
Family Herbertaceae Müll.Frib. .............................. 107
Herbertus Gray .......................................... 108
Triandrophyllum Fulford & Hatcher ....................... 115
Family Pseudolepicoleaceae Fulford & J.Taylor ............... 140
Isophyllaria E.A.Hodgs. & Allison ....................... 141
Temnoma Mitt. ........................................... 147
Archeophylla R.M.Schust. ................................ 165
Family Trichocoleaceae Nakai ................................ 167
Castanoclobos J.J.Engel & Glenny ........................ 168
Leiomitra Lindb. ........................................ 173
Trichocolea Dumort. ..................................... 179
Eotrichocolea R.M.Schust. ............................... 191
Suborder 4. LEPIDOZIINEAE R.M.Schust ......................... 194
Family Lepidoziaceae Limpr. ................................. 194
Subfam. Lepidozioideae .................................... 195
Lepidozia (Dumort.) Dumort. ............................. 195
Subg. Dendrolepidozia R.M.Schust. ..................... 201
Subg. Mastigolepidozia R.M.Schust. .................... 204
Sect. Microphyllae (Lindenb.) Grolle ................ 204
Subg. Notholepidozia R.M.Schust. ...................... 206
Sect. Pendulinae R.M.Schust. ........................ 206
Sect. Setigerae R.M.Schust. ......................... 209
Sect. Notholepidozia ................................ 211
Sect. Kirkii R.M.Schust ............................. 248
Sect. Austrolepidozia R.M.Schust. ................... 256
Subg. Glaucolepidozia R.M.Schust. ..................... 259
Telaranea Spruce ex Schiffn ............................. 270
Subg. Acrolepidozia (R.M.Schust.) R.M.Schust. ......... 276
Subg. Telaranea ....................................... 279
Sect. Cancellatae J.J.Engel & Merrill ............... 285
Sect. Ceraceae J.J.Engel & Merrill .................. 309
Sect. Tricholepidozia (R.M.Schust.)
J.J.Engel & Merrill ............................... 316
Sect. Transversae J.J.Engel & Merrill ............... 324
Sect. Telaranea ..................................... 339
Sect. Tenuifoliae (R.M.Schust.)
J.J.Engel & Merrill ............................... 350
Kurzia G.Martens ........................................ 358
Subg. Microlepidozia (Spruce) R.M.Schust. ............. 361
Sect. Helophilae R.M.Schust. ........................ 361
Sect. Microlepidozia ................................ 364
Sect. Moniliformes J.J.Engel ........................ 373
Sect. Compactae R.M.Schust. ......................... 376
Subg. Dendrolembidium (Herzog) Grolle ................. 379
Psiloclada Mitt. ........................................ 381
Subfam. Drucelloideae (Boesen) R.M.Schust. ................ 385
Drucella E.A.Hodgs. ..................................... 385
Subfam. Bazzanioideae Rodway .............................. 390
Acromastigum A.Evans .................................... 390
Bazzania Gray ........................................... 415
Sect. Protobazzania J.J.Engel ....................... 418
Sect. Connatae (Steph.) Fulford ..................... 423
Sect. Vittatae (Steph.) Fulford ..................... 442
Sect. Glaucobazzania J.J.Engel ...................... 449
Sect. Exemptae J.J.Engel ............................ 453
Subfam. Zoopsidoideae R.M.Schust. ......................... 457
Pseudocephalozia R.M.Schust. ............................ 457
Paracromastigum Fulford & J.Taylor ...................... 463
Hyalolepidozia S.W.Arnell ex Grolle ..................... 472
Zoopsis Hook.f. ex Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees ............ 477
Zoopsidella R.M.Schust. ................................. 495
Subfam. Lembidioideae R.M.Schust. ......................... 499
Isolembidium R.M.Schust. ................................ 499
Lembidium Mitt. ......................................... 503
Hygrolembidium R.M.Schust. .............................. 509
Subg. Hygrobiellopsis R.M.Schust. ex Bedn.-Ochyra,
Váňa, Ochyra & R.I.L.Sm. ............................ 511
Subg. Hygrolembidium .................................. 517
Chloranthelia R.M.Schust. ............................... 523
Subfam. Megalembidioideae J.J.Engel ....................... 525
Megalembidium R.M.Schust. ............................... 525
Family Calypogeiaceae Arnell ................................ 532
Calypogeia Raddi ........................................ 533
Mnioloma Herzog ......................................... 537
Suborder 5. TRICHOTEMNOMATINEAE J.J.Engel .................... 542
Family Trichotemnomaceae R.M.Schust. ........................ 542
Trichotemnoma R.M.Schust. ............................... 543
Suborder 6. ANTHELIINEAE R.M.Schust. ......................... 546
Family Antheliaceae R.M.Schust. ............................. 546
Anthelia (Dumort.) Dumort. .............................. 547
Suborder 7. CEPHALOZIINEAE R.M.Schust. ....................... 551
Family Cephaloziaceae Mig. .................................. 551
Metahygrobiella R.M.Schust. ............................. 553
Cephalozia (Dumort.) Dumort. ............................ 559
Subg. Eocephalozia R.M.Schust. ex J.J.Engel ........... 561
Subg. Cephalozia ...................................... 565
Family Cephaloziellaceae Douin .............................. 566
Cephalomitrion R.M.Schust. .............................. 568
Allisoniella E.A.Hodgs. ................................. 570
Sect. Protomarsupella (R.M.Schust.) R.M.Schust. ..... 572
Sect. Allisoniella .................................. 574
Cephaloziella (Spruce) Schiffn. ......................... 578
Subg. Schizophyllum Müll.Frib. ........................ 584
Subg. Cephaloziella ................................... 586
Subg. Evansia Müll.Frib ............................... 604
Subg. Distichopsis R.M.Schust. ........................ 605
Family Adelanthaceae (Jörg.) Grolle ......................... 607
Pseudomarsupidium Herzog ................................ 609
Adelanthus Mitt ......................................... 615
Wettsteinia Schiffn. .................................... 628
Family Jackiellaceae R.M.Schust. ............................ 633
Jackiella Schiffn. ...................................... 634
Suborder 8. JUNGERMANNIINEAE R.M.Schust. ..................... 637
Family Jungermanniaceae Rchb. ............................... 637
Subfam. Chandonanthoideae Inoue ........................... 640
Chandonanthus Mitt. ..................................... 640
Subfam. Lophozioideae Macvicar ............................ 645
Lophozia (Dumort.) Dumort. .............................. 645
Subg. Protolophozia R.M.Schust. ....................... 648
Subg. Lophozia ........................................ 662
Subg. Isopaches (Buch) R.M.Schust. .................... 663
Tritomaria Schiffn. ex Loeske ........................... 666
Anastrophyllum (Spruce) Steph. .......................... 673
Andrewsianthus R.M.Schust. .............................. 685
Subg. Cephalolobus (R.M.Schust.) R.M.Schust. .......... 688
Subg. Andrewsianthus .................................. 692
Subfam. Jungermannioideae ................................. 694
Solenostoma Mitt. ....................................... 694
Subfam. Jamesonielloideae Inoue ........................... 713
Jamesoniella (Spruce) Carrington ........................ 713
Cuspidatula Steph. ...................................... 726
Cryptochila R.M.Schust. ................................. 732
Family Scapaniaceae Mig. .................................... 744
Diplophyllum (Dumort.) Dumort. .......................... 746
Scapania (Dumort.) Dumort. .............................. 765
Sect. Scapania ...................................... 768
Sect. Nemorosae (Müll.Frib.) Buch ................... 769
Family Blepharidophyllaceae (R.M.Schust.)
R.M.Schust. ex J.J.Engel .................................. 773
Clandarium (Grolle) R.M.Schust .......................... 774
Blepharidophyllum Ångstr. ............................... 779
Family Gymnomitriaceae H.Klinggr. ........................... 783
Acrolophozia R.M.Schust. ................................ 785
Herzogobryum Grolle ..................................... 788
Nothogymnomitrion R.M.Schust. ........................... 795
Marsupella Dumort. ...................................... 798
Subg. Marsupella ...................................... 799
Gymnomitrion Corda ...................................... 805
APPENDIX:
Species mentioned in this volume, including volume 2 and 3
liverworts ................................................ 813
GLOSSARY ...................................................... 827
BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................. 845
INDEX ......................................................... 883
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