Introduction .................................................... 1
FIGURE l.l. Planes of Section of a Round Object ........... 2
FIGURE 1.2. Planes of Section of a Tube ................... 2
FIGURE 1.3. Tubules of the Testis in Different Planes
of Section ..................................... 5
PART I. TISSUES ................................................. 7
CHAPTER 1. The Cell and the Cytoplasm .......................... 9
FIGURE 1.1. Apical Surfaces of Ciliated and Nonciliated
Epithelium .................................... 15
FIGURE 1.2. Junctional Complex Between Epithelial Cells .. 15
FIGURE 1.3. Basal Regions of Epithelial Cells ............ 17
FIGURE 1.4. Basal Region of an Ion-Transporting Cell ..... 17
FIGURE 1.5. Cilia and Microvilli ......................... 19
FIGURE 1.6. Nuclear Envelope and Nuclear Pores ........... 19
FIGURE 1.7. Mitochondria ................................. 21
FIGURE 1.8. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum .................. 23
FIGURE 1.9. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ................. 23
FIGURE 1.10. Golgi Apparatus .............................. 25
CHAPTER 2. Epithelial Tissue .................................. 29
SECTION 1. Classification of Epithelial Tissue ................ 29
FIGURE 2.1. Simple Squamous Epithelium: Surface View of
Peritoneal Mesothelium ....................... 31
FIGURE 2.2. Simple Squamous Epithelium: Peritoneal
Mesothelium Surrounding Small Intestine
(Transverse Section) ......................... 31
FIGURE 2.3. Different Epithelial Types in the Kidney
Cortex ....................................... 33
FIGURE 2.4. Simple Columnar Epithelium: Surface of
Stomach ...................................... 33
FIGURE 2.5. Simple Columnar Epithelium on Villi in Small
Intestine: Cells With Striated Borders
(Microvilli) and Goblet Cells ................ 35
FIGURE 2.6. Pseudostratified Columnar Ciliated
Epithelium: Respiratory Passages-Tachea ...... 37
FIGURE 2.7. Transitional Epithelium: Bladder
(Contracted) ................................. 37
FIGURE 2.8. Transitional Epithelium: Bladder
(Stretched) .................................. 39
FIGURE 2.9. Stratified Squamous Nonkeratizezed
Epithelium: Esophagus ........................ 39
FIGURE 2.10. Stratified Squamous Keratinized Epithelium:
Palm of the Hand ............................. 41
FIGURE 2.11. Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium: Excretory
Duct in Salivary Gland ....................... 41
SECTION 2. Glandular Tissue ................................... 43
FIGURE 2.12. Unbranched Simple Tubular Exocrine Glands:
Intestinal Glands ............................ 45
FIGURE 2.13. Simple Branched Tubular Exocrine Glands:
Gastric Glands ............................... 45
FIGURE 2.14. Coiled Tubular Exocrine Glands: Sweat
Glands ....................................... 47
FIGURE 2.15. Compound Acinar (Exocrine) Gland: Mammary
Gland ........................................ 47
FIGURE 2.16. Compound Tubuloacinar (Exocrine) Gland:
Salivary Gland ............................... 49
FIGURE 2.17. Compound Tubuloacinar (Exocrine) Gland:
Submaxillary Salivary Gland .................. 49
FIGURE 2.18. Endocrine Gland: Pancreatic Islet ............ 51
FIGURE 2.19. Endocrine and Exocrine Pancreas .............. 51
CHAPTER 3. Connective Tissue .................................. 55
FIGURE 3.1. Loose Connective Tissue (Spread) ............. 57
FIGURE 3.2. Cells of the Connective Tissue ............... 59
FIGURE 3.3. Embryonic Connective Tissue .................. 61
FIGURE 3.4. Loose Connective Tissue With Blood Vessels
and Adipose Cells ............................ 61
FIGURE 3.5. Dense Irregular and Loose Irregular
Connective Tissue ............................ 61
FIGURE 3.6. Dense Irregular and Loose Irregular
Connective Tissue ............................ 63
FIGURE 3.7. Dense Irregular Connective Tissue and
Adipose Tissue ............................... 63
FIGURE 3.8. Dense Regular Connective Tissue: Tendon
(Longitudinal Section) ....................... 65
FIGURE 3.9. Dense Regular Connective Tissue: Tendon
(Longitudinal Section) ....................... 65
FIGURE 3.10. Dense Regular Connective Tissue: Tendon
(Transverse Section) ......................... 67
FIGURE 3.11. Adipose Tissue in the Intestine .............. 67
CHAPTER 4. Cartilage and Bone ................................. 71
SECTION 1. Cartilage .......................................... 71
FIGURE 4.1. Developing Fetal Hyaline Cartilage ........... 73
FIGURE 4.2. Hyaline Cartilage and Surrounding
Structures: Trachea .......................... 73
FIGURE 4.3. Cells and Matrix of Mature Hyaline
Cartilage .................................... 75
FIGURE 4.4. Hyaline Cartilage: Developing Bone ........... 75
FIGURE 4.5. Elastic Cartilage: Epiglottis ................ 77
FIGURE 4.6. Elastic Cartilage: Epiglottis ................ 77
FIGURE 4.7. Fibrous Cartilage: Intervertebral Disk ....... 77
SECTION 2. Bone ............................................... 79
FIGURE 4.8. Endochondral Ossification: Development of a
Long Bone (Panoramic View, Longitudinal
Section) ..................................... 81
FIGURE 4.9. Endochondral Ossification: Zone of
Ossification ................................. 83
FIGURE 4.10. Endochondral Ossification: Zone of
Ossification ................................. 83
FIGURE 4.11. Endochondral Ossification: Formation of
Secondary (Epiphyseal)Centers of
Ossification and Epiphyseal Plate in
Long Bone (Decalcified Bone, Longitudinal
Section) ..................................... 85
FIGURE 4.12. Bone Formation: Primitive Bone Marrow and
Development of Osteons (Haversian Systems;
Decalcified Bone, Transverse Section) ........ 87
FIGURE 4.13. Intramembranous Ossification: Developing
Mandible (Decalcified Bone, Transverse
Section) ..................................... 89
FIGURE 4.14. Intramembranous Ossification: Developing
Skull Bone ................................... 89
FIGURE 4.15. Cancellous Bone With Trabeculae and Bone
Marrow Cavities: Sternum (Decalcified Bone,
Transverse Section) .......................... 91
FIGURE 4.16. Cancellous Bone: Sternum (Decalcified Bone,
Transverse Section) .......................... 91
FIGURE 4.17. Dry, Compact Bone: Ground, Transverse
Section ...................................... 93
FIGURE 4.18. Dry, Compact Bone: Ground, Longitudinal
Section ...................................... 93
FIGURE 4.19. Dry, Compact Bone: an Osteon, Transverse
Section ...................................... 95
CHAPTER 5. Blood .............................................. 99
FIGURE 5.1. Human Blood Smear: Erythrocytes,
Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Lymphocyte,
and Platelets ............................... 101
FIGURE 5.2. Human Blood Smear: Red Blood Cells,
Neutrophils, Large Lymphocyte,
and Platelets ............................... 101
FIGURE 5.3. Erythrocytes and Platelets in Blood Smear ... 103
FIGURE 5.4. Neutrophils and Erythrocytes ................ 103
FIGURE 5.5. Eosinophil .................................. 105
FIGURE 5.6. Lymphocytes ................................. 105
FIGURE 5.7. Monocyte .................................... 105
FIGURE 5.8. Basophil .................................... 107
FIGURE 5.9. Human Blood Smear: Basophil, Neutrophil,
Red Blood Cells, and Platelets .............. 107
FIGURE 5.10. Human Blood Smear: Monocyte, Red Blood
Cells, and Platelets ........................ 109
FIGURE 5.11. Development of Different Blood Cells in Red
Bone Marrow (Decalcified) ................... 109
FIGURE 5.12. Bone Marrow Smear: Development of Different
Cell Types .................................. 111
FIGURE 5.13. Bone Marrow Smear: Selected Precursors of
Different Blood Cells ....................... 113
CHAPTER 6. Muscle Tissue ..................................... 117
FIGURE 6.1. Longitudinal and Transverse Sections of
Skeletal (Striated) Muscles of the Tongue ... 119
FIGURE 6.2. Skeletal (Striated) Muscles of the Tongue
(Longitudinal Section) ...................... 119
FIGURE 6.3. Skeletal Muscles, Nerves, Axons, and Motor
End Plates .................................. 121
FIGURE 6.4. Skeletal Muscle With Muscle Spindle
(Transverse Section) ........................ 123
FIGURE 6.5. Skeletal Muscle Fibers
(Longitudinal Section) ...................... 123
FIGURE 6.6. Ultrastructure of Myofibrils in Skeletal
Muscle ...................................... 125
FIGURE 6.7. Ultrastructure of Sarcomeres, T tubules,
and Triads in Skeletal Muscle ............... 125
FIGURE 6.8. Longitudinal and Transverse Sections of
Cardiac Muscle .............................. 127
FIGURE 6.9. Cardiac Muscle (Longitudinal Section) ....... 127
FIGURE 6.10. Cardiac Muscle in Longitudinal Section ...... 129
FIGURE 6.11. Longitudinal and Transverse Sections of
Smooth Muscle in the Wall of the Small
Intestine ................................... 131
FIGURE 6.12. Smooth Muscle: Wall of the Small Intestine
(Transverse and Longitudinal Section) ....... 131
CHAPTER 7. Nervous Tissue .................................... 135
SECTION 1. The Central Nervous System: Brain and Spinal
Cord .......................................................... 135
FIGURE 7.1. Spinal Cord: Midthoracic Region (Transverse
Section). 139
FIGURE 7.2. Spinal Cord: Anterior Gray Horn, Motor
Neuron, and Adjacent White Matter ........... 139
FIGURE 7.3. Spinal Cord: Midcervical Region
(Transverse Section) ........................ 141
FIGURE 7.4. Spinal Cord: Anterior Gray Horn, Motor
Neurons, and Adjacent Anterior White
Matter ...................................... 143
FIGURE 7.5. Motor Neurons: Anterior Horn of Spinal
Cord ........................................ 145
FIGURE 7.6. Neurofibrils and Motor Neurons in the Gray
Matter of the Anterior Horn of the Spinal
Cord ........................................ 145
FIGURE 7.7. Anterior Gray Horn of the Spinal Cord:
Multipolar Neurons, Axons, and
Neuroglial Cells ............................ 147
FIGURE 7.8. Cerebral Cortex: Gray Matter ................ 147
FIGURE 7.9. Layer V of the Cerebral Cortex .............. 149
FIGURE 7.10. Cerebellum (Transverse Section) ............. 149
FIGURE 7.11. Cerebellar Cortex: Molecular, Purkinje
Cell, and Granular Cell Layers .............. 151
FIGURE 7.12. Fibrous Astrocytes and Capillary in the
Brain ....................................... 151
FIGURE 7.13. Oligodendrocytes of the Brain ............... 153
FIGURE 7.14. Microglia of the Brain ...................... 153
SECTION 2. The Peripheral Nervous System ..................... 157
FIGURE 7.15. Peripheral Nerves and Blood Vessels
(Transverse Section) ........................ 159
FIGURE 7.16. Myelinated Nerve Fibers (Longitudinal and
Transverse Sections) ........................ 161
FIGURE 7.17. Sciatic Nerve (Longitudinal Section) ........ 163
FIGURE 7.18. Sciatic Nerve (Longitudinal Section) ........ 163
FIGURE 7.19. Sciatic Nerve (Transverse Section) .......... 163
FIGURE 7.20. Peripheral Nerve: Nodes of Ranvier and
Axons ....................................... 165
FIGURE 7.21. Dorsal Root Ganglion, With Dorsal and
Ventral Roots, Spinal Nerve (Longitudinal
Section) .................................... 165
FIGURE 7.22. Cells and Unipolar Neurons of a Dorsal Root
Ganglion..................................... 167
FIGURE 7.23. Multipolar Neurons, Surrounding Cells, and
Nerve Fibers of the Sympathetic Ganglion .... 167
FIGURE 7.24. Dorsal Root Ganglion: Unipolar Neurons and
Surrounding Cells ........................... 161
PART II. ORGANS ............................................... 169
CHAPTER 8. Circulatory System ................................ 171
FIGURE 8.1. Blood and Lymphatic Vessels in the
Connective Tissue ........................... 175
FIGURE 8.2. Muscular Artery and Vein (Transverse
Section) .................................... 177
FIGURE 8.3. Artery and Vein in Dense Irregular
Connective Tissue of Vas Deferens ........... 177
FIGURE 8.4. Wall of a Large Elastic Artery: Aorta
(Transverse Section) ........................ 179
FIGURE 8.5. Wall of a Large Vein: Portal Vein
(Transverse Section) ........................ 179
FIGURE 8.6. Heart: a Section of the Left Atrium,
Atrioventricular Valve, and Left Ventricle
(Longitudinal Section) ...................... 181
FIGURE 8.7. Heart: a Section of Right Ventricle,
Pulmonary Trunk, and Pulmonary Valve
(Longitudinal Section) ...................... 183
FIGURE 8.8. Heart: Contracting Cardiac Muscle Fibers
and Impulse-Conducting Purkinje Fibers ...... 183
FIGURE 8.9. A Section of Heart Wall: Purkinje Fibers .... 187
CHAPTER 9. Lymphoid System .................................. 191
FIGURE 9.1. Lymph Node (Panoramic View) ................. 195
FIGURE 9.2. Lymph Node: Capsule, Cortex, and Medulla
(Sectional View) ............................ 197
FIGURE 9.3. Cortex and Medulla of a Lymph Node .......... 199
FIGURE 9.4. Lymph Node: Subcortical Sinus, Trabecular
Sinus, Reticular Cells, and Lymphatic
Nodule ...................................... 199
FIGURE 9.5. Lymph Node: High Endothelial Venule in the
Paracortex (Deep Cortex) of a Lymph Node .... 201
FIGURE 9.6. Lymph Node: Subcapsular Sinus, Trabecular
Sinus, and Supporting Reticular Fibers ...... 201
FIGURE 9.7. Thymus Gland (Panoramic View) ............... 203
FIGURE 9.8. Thymus Gland (Sectional View) ............... 203
FIGURE 9.9. Cortex and Medulla of a Thymus Gland ........ 205
FIGURE 9.10. Spleen (Panoramic View) ..................... 207
FIGURE 9.11. Spleen: Red and White Pulp .................. 207
FIGURE 9.12. Red and White Pulp of the Spleen ............ 209
FIGURE 9.13. Palatine Tonsil ............................. 209
CHAPTER 10. Integumentary System .............................. 213
FIGURE 10.1. Thin Skin: Epidermis and the Contents of
the Dermis .................................. 217
FIGURE 10.2. Skin: Epidermis, Dermis, and Hypodermis in
the Scalp ................................... 219
FIGURE 10.3. Hairy Thin Skin of the Scalp: Hair
Follicles and Surrounding Structures ........ 221
FIGURE 10.4. Hair Follicle: Bulb of the Hair Follicle,
Sweat Gland, Sebaceous Gland, and Arrector
Pili Muscle ................................. 223
FIGURE 10.5. Thick Skin of the Palm, Superficial Cell
Layers, and Melanin Pigment ................. 225
FIGURE 10.6. Thick Skin: Epidermis and Superficial Cell
Layers ...................................... 225
FIGURE 10.7. Thick Skin: Epidermis, Dermis, and
Hypodermis of the Palm ...................... 227
FIGURE 10.8. Apocrine Sweat Gland: Secretory and
Excretory Potions of the Sweat Gland ........ 227
FIGURE 10.9. Cross Section and Three-Dimensional
Appearance of an Eccrine Sweat Gland ........ 229
FIGURE 10.10.Glomus in the Dermis of Thick Skin .......... 231
FIGURE 10.11.Pacinian Corpuscles in the Dermis of Thick
Skin (Transverse and Longitudinal
Sections) ....................................231
CHAPTER 11. Digestive System: Oral Cavity and
Salivary Glands ............................................... 235
FIGURE 11.1. Lip (Longitudinal Section) .................. 237
FIGURE 11.2. Anterior Region of the Tongue (Longitudinal
Section) .................................... 239
FIGURE 11.3. Posterior Tongue: Circumvallate Papilla,
Surrounding Furrow,and Serous (von Ebner's)
Glands (Cross Section) ...................... 239
FIGURE 11.4. Filiform and Fungiform Papillae of the
Tongue ...................................... 241
FIGURE 11.5. Posterior Tongue: Taste Buds in the Furrow
of Circumvallate Papilla .................... 241
FIGURE 11.6. Posterior Tongue: Posterior to
Circumvallate Papillae and Near
Lingual Tonsil (Longitudinal Section) ....... 243
FIGURE 11.7. Lingual Tonsils (Transverse Section) ........ 243
FIGURE 11.8. Longitudinal Section of Dry Tooth ........... 245
FIGURE 11.9. Dried Tooth: Dentinoenamel Junction ......... 247
FIGURE 11.10.Dried Tooth: Cementum and Dentin Junction ... 247
FIGURE 11.11.Developing Tooth (Longitudinal Section) ..... 249
FIGURE 11.12.Developing Tooth: Dentinoenamel Junction
in Detail ................................... 249
FIGURE 11.13.Parotid Salivary Gland ...................... 253
FIGURE 11.14.Submandibular Salivary Gland ................ 255
FIGURE 11.15.Sublingual Salivary Gland ................... 257
FIGURE 11.16.Serous Salivary Gland: Parotid Gland ........ 259
FIGURE 11.17.Mixed Salivary Gland: Sublingual Gland ...... 259
CHAPTER 12. Digestive System: Esophagus and Stomach ........... 263
FIGURE 12.1. Wall of Upper Esophagus (Transverse
Section) .................................... 265
FIGURE 12.2. Upper Esophagus (Transverse Section) ........ 267
FIGURE 12.3. Lower Esophagus (Transverse Section) ........ 267
FIGURE 12.4. Upper Esophagus: Mucosa and Submucosa
(Longitudinal View) ......................... 269
FIGURE 12.5. Lower Esophagus Wall (Transverse Section) ... 271
FIGURE 12.6. Esophageal-Stomach Junction ................. 273
FIGURE 12.7. Esophageal-Stomach Junction (Transverse
Section) .................................... 273
FIGURE 12.8. Stomach: Fundus and Body Regions
(Transverse Section) ........................ 275
FIGURE 12.9. Stomach: Mucosa of the Fundus and Body
(Transverse Section) ........................ 277
FIGURE 12.10.Stomach: Fundus and Body Regions
(Plastic Section) ........................... 279
FIGURE 12.11.Stomach: Superficial Region of Gastric
(Fundic) Mucosa ............................. 281
FIGURE 12.12.Stomach: Basal Region of Gastric (Fundic)
Mucosa ...................................... 283
FIGURE 12.13.Pyloric Region of the Stomach ............... 285
FIGURE 12.14.Pyloric-Duodenal Junction (Longitudinal
Section) .................................... 287
CHAPTER 13. Digestive System: Small and Large Intestines ...... 291
FIGURE 13.1. Duodenum of the Small Intestine
(Longitudinal Section) ...................... 293
FIGURE 13.2. Small Intestine: Duodenum (Transverse
Section) .................................... 295
FIGURE 13.3. Small Intestine: Jejunum (Transverse
Section) .................................... 295
FIGURE 13.4. Intestinal Glands With Paneth Cells and
Enteroendocrine Cells........................ 297
FIGURE 13.5. Small Intestine: Jejunum With Paneth
Cells ....................................... 297
FIGURE 13.6. Small Intestine: Ileum With Lymphatic
Nodules (Peyer's Patches) (Transverse
Section) .................................... 299
FIGURE 13.7. Villi of Small Intestine (Longitudinal and
Transverse Sections) ........................ 301
FIGURE 13.8. Large Intestine: Colon and Mesentery
(Panoramic Views, Transverse Section) ....... 303
FIGURE 13.9. Large Intestine: Colon Wall (Transverse
Section) .................................... 303
FIGURE 13.10.Large Intestine: Colon Wall (Transverse
Section) .................................... 305
FIGURE 13.11.Appendix (Panoramic View, Transverse
Section) .................................... 307
FIGURE 13.12.Rectum (Panoramic View, Transverse
Section) .................................... 309
FIGURE 13.13.Anorectal Junction (Longitudinal Section) ... 309
CHAPTER 14. Digestive System: Liver, Gallbladder, and
Pancreas ...................................................... 313
FIGURE 14.1. Pig Liver Lobules (Panoramic View,
Transverse Section) ......................... 315
FIGURE 14.2. Primate Liver Lobules (Panoramic View,
Transverse Section) ......................... 317
FIGURE 14.3. Bovine Liver: Liver Lobule (Transverse
Section) .................................... 319
FIGURE 14.4. Liver Lobule (Sectional View, Transverse
Section) .................................... 319
FIGURE 14.5. Bile Canaliculi in Liver Lobule: Osmic Acid
Preparation ................................. 319
FIGURE 14.6. Kupffer Cells in a Liver Lobule (India Ink
Preparation) ................................ 321
FIGURE 14.7. Glycogen Granules in Liver Cells ............ 321
FIGURE 14.8. Reticular Fibers in the Sinusoids of a
Liver Lobule ................................ 321
FIGURE 14.9. Wall of Gallbladder ......................... 323
FIGURE 14.10.Exocrine and Endocrine Pancreas (Sectional
View) ....................................... 325
FIGURE 14.11.Pancreatic Islet ............................ 327
FIGURE 14.12.Pancreatic Islet (Special Preparation) ...... 327
FIGURE 14.13.Pancreas: Endocrine (Pancreatic Islet) and
Exocrine Regions ............................ 329
CHAPTER 15. Respiratory System ................................ 333
FIGURE 15.1. Olfactory Mucosa and Superior Concha in the
Nasal Cavity (Panoramic View) ............... 335
FIGURE 15.2. Olfactory Mucosa: Details of a Transitional
Area ........................................ 337
FIGURE 15.3. Olfactory Mucosa in the Nose: Transition
Area ........................................ 337
FIGURE 15.4. Epiglottis (Longitudinal Section) ........... 339
FIGURE 15.5. Frontal Section of Larynx ................... 341
FIGURE 15.6. Trachea (Transverse Section) ................ 343
FIGURE 15.7. Tracheal Wall (Sectional View) .............. 343
FIGURE 15.8. Lung (Panoramic View) ....................... 345
FIGURE 15.9. Intrapulmonary Bronchus (Transverse
Section) .................................... 347
FIGURE 15.10.Terminal Bronchiole (Transverse Section) .... 347
FIGURE 15.11.Respiratory Bronchiole, Alveolar Duct, and
Lung Alveoli ................................ 349
FIGURE 15.12.Alveolar Walls and Alveolar Cells ........... 349
FIGURE 15.13.Lung: Terminal Bronchiole, Respiratory
Bronchiole, Alveolar Ducts, Alveoli,
and Blood Vessel ............................ 351
CHAPTER 16. Urinary System .................................... 355
FIGURE 16.1. Kidney: Cortex, Medulla, Pyramid, and
Renal Papilla (Panoramic View) .............. 359
FIGURE 16.2. Kidney Cortex and Upper Medulla ............. 363
FIGURE 16.3. Kidney Cortex: Juxtaglomerular Apparatus .... 365
FIGURE 16.4. Kidney Cortex: Renal Corpuscle,
Juxtaglomerular Apparatus, and
Convoluted Tubules .......................... 367
FIGURE 16.5. Kidney: Scanning Electron Micrograph of
Podocytes ................................... 369
FIGURE 16.6. Kidney: Transmission Electron Micrograph of
Podocyte and Adjacent Capillaries in the
Renal Corpuscle ............................. 369
FIGURE 16.7. Kidney Medulla: Papillary Region
(Transverse Section) ........................ 371
FIGURE 16.8. Kidney Medulla: Terminal End of Papilla
(Longitudinal Section) ...................... 371
FIGURE 16.9. Kidney: Ducts of Medullary Region
(Longitudinal Section) ...................... 373
FIGURE 16.10.Urinary System: Ureter (Transverse
Section) .................................... 373
FIGURE 16.11.Section of a Ureter Wall (Transverse
Section) .................................... 375
FIGURE 16.12.Ureter (Transverse Section) ................. 375
FIGURE 16.13.Urinary Bladder: Wall (Transverse
Section) .................................... 377
FIGURE 16.14.Urinary Bladder: Contracted Mucosa
(Transverse Section) ........................ 377
FIGURE 16.15.Urinary Bladder: Mucosa Stretched
(Transverse Section) ........................ 379
CHAPTER 17. Endocrine System .................................. 383
SECTION 1. Endocrine System and Hormones ..................... 383
FIGURE 17.1. Hypophysis: Adenohypophysis and
Neurohypophysis (Panoramic View, Sagittal
Section) .................................... 385
FIGURE 17.2. Hypophysis: Sections of Pars Distalis, Pars
Intermedia, and Pars Nervosa ............... 387
FIGURE 17.3. Pars Distalis of Adenohypophysis:
Acidophils, Basophils, and Chromophobes ..... 387
FIGURE 17.4. Cell Types in the Hypophysis ................ 389
FIGURE 17.5. Hypophysis: Pars Distalis, Pars Intermedia,
and Pars Nervosa (Human) .................... 391
SECTION 2. Thyroid Gland, Parathyroid Glands, and Adrenal
Gland ......................................................... 395
FIGURE 17.6. Thyroid Gland: Canine (General View) ........ 397
FIGURE 17.7. Thyroid Gland Follicles, Follicular Cells,
and Parafollicular Cells (Sectional View) ... 399
FIGURE 17.8. Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands: Canine
(Sectional View) ............................ 401
FIGURE 17.9. Thyroid Gland and Parathyroid Gland ......... 401
FIGURE 17.10.Cortex and Medulla of Adrenal (Suprarenal)
Gland ....................................... 403
FIGURE 17.11.Adrenal (Suprarenal) Gland: Cortex and
Medulla ..................................... 405
CHAPTER 18. Male Reproductive System .......................... 409
SECTION 1. The Reproductive System ........................... 409
FIGURE 18.1. Peripheral Section of Testis ................ 413
FIGURE 18.2. Seminiferous Tubules, Straight Tubules,
Rete Testis, and Efferent Ductules
(Ductuli Efferentes) ........................ 415
FIGURE 18.3. Primate Testis: Spermatogenesis in
Seminiferous Tubules (Transverse Section) ... 417
FIGURE 18.4. Primate Testis: Different Stages of
Spermatogenesis ............................. 419
FIGURE 18.5. Testis: Seminiferous Tubules (Transverse
Section) .................................... 419
FIGURE 18.6. Ductuli Efferentes and Tubules of Ductus
Epididymis .................................. 421
FIGURE 18.7. Tubules of the Ductus Epididymis
(Transverse Section) ........................ 421
FIGURE 18.8. Ductus (Vas) Deferens (Transverse
Section) .................................... 423
FIGURE 18.9. Ampulla of the Ductus (Vas) Deferens ........ 423
SECTION 2. Accessory Reproductive Glands ..................... 427
FIGURE 18.10.Prostate Gland and Prostatic Urethra ........ 429
FIGURE 18.11.Prostate Gland: Glandular Acini and
Prostatic Concretions........................ 431
FIGURE 18.12.Prostate Gland: Prostatic Glands With
Prostatic Concretions ....................... 431
FIGURE 18.13.Seminal Vesicle ............................. 433
FIGURE 18.14.Bulbourethral Gland ......................... 433
FIGURE 18.15.Human Penis (Transverse Section) ............ 435
FIGURE 18.16.Penile Urethra (Transverse Section) ......... 435
CHAPTER 19. Female Reproductive System ........................ 439
SECTION 1. Overview of the Female Reproductive System ........ 439
FIGURE 19.1. Ovary (Panoramic View) ...................... 443
FIGURE 19.2. Ovary (European Mink) (Panoramic View) ...... 445
FIGURE 19.3. Ovary (European Mink) (Panoramic View) ...... 447
FIGURE 19.4. Ovary: Ovarian Cortex and Primordial and
Primary Follicles ........................... 447
FIGURE 19.5. Ovary. Primary Oocyte and Wall of Mature
Follicle .................................... 449
FIGURE 19.6. Ovary: Primordial and Primary Follicles ..... 449
FIGURE 19.7. Corpus Luteum (Panoramic View) .............. 451
FIGURE 19.8. Corpus Luteum: Theca Lutein Cells and
Granulosa Lutein Cells ...................... 453
FIGURE 19.9. Uterine Tube: Ampulla With Mesosalpinx
Ligament (Panoramic View, Transverse
Section) .................................... 455
FIGURE 19.10.Uterine Tube: Mucosal Folds ................. 455
FIGURE 19.11.Uterine Tube: Lining Epithelium ............. 457
FIGURE 19.12.Uterine Wall: Proliferative (Follicular)
Phase ....................................... 459
FIGURE 19.13.Uterine Wall: Secretory (Luteal) Phase ...... 461
FIGURE 19.14.Uterine Wall (Endometrium): Secretory
(Luteal) Phase .............................. 463
FIGURE 19.15.Uterine Wall: Menstrual Phase ............... 465
SECTION 2. Cervix, Vagina, Placenta, and Mammary Glands ...... 469
FIGURE 19.16.Cervix, Cervical Canal, and Vaginal Fornix
Longitudinal Section) ....................... 471
FIGURE 19.17.Vagina (Longitudinal Section) ............... 473
FIGURE 19.18.Glycogen in Human Vaginal Epithelium ........ 473
FIGURE 19.19.Vaginal Smears Collected During Different
Reproductive Phases ......................... 475
FIGURE 19.20.Vaginal Surface Epithelium .................. 477
FIGURE 19.21.Human Placenta (Panoramic View) ............. 479
FIGURE 19.22.Chorionic Villi: Placenta During Early
Pregnancy ................................... 481
FIGURE 19.23.Chorionic Villi: Placenta at Term ........... 481
FIGURE 19.24.Inactive Mammary Gland ...................... 483
FIGURE 19.25.Mammary Gland During Proliferation and
Early Pregnancy ............................. 483
FIGURE 19.26.Mammary Gland During Late Pregnancy ......... 485
FIGURE 19.27.Mammary Gland During Lactation .............. 485
FIGURE 19.28.Lactating Mammary Gland ..................... 487
CHAPTER 20. Organs of Special Senses .......................... 491
FIGURE 20.1. Eyelid (Sagittal Section) ................... 495
FIGURE 20.2. Lacrimal Gland .............................. 497
FIGURE 20.3. Cornea (Transverse Section) ................. 497
FIGURE 20.4. Whole Eye (Sagittal Section) ................ 499
FIGURE 20.5. Posterior Eyeball: Sclera, Choroid, Optic
Papilla, Optic Nerve, Retina, and Fovea
(Panoramic View) ............................ 499
FIGURE 20.6. Layers of the Choroid and Retina (Detail) ... 501
FIGURE 20.7. Eye: Layers of Retina and Choroid ........... 501
FIGURE 20.8. Inner Ear: Cochlea (Vertical Section) ....... 503
FIGURE 20.9. Inner Ear: Cochlear Duct (Scala Media) ...... 503
FIGURE 20.10.Inner Ear: Cochlear Duct and the Organ of
Corti ....................................... 505
Index ......................................................... 509
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