Abstract ........................................................ i
Zusammenfassung ............................................... iii
List of Abbreviations ........................................... v
List of Symbols ............................................... vii
1 Introduction ................................................. 1
1.1 Motivations and Objectives ................................. 1
1.2 Thesis Outline ............................................. 2
2 Basics ....................................................... 3
2.1 Single-look SAR Signal ..................................... 3
2.1.1 Point Scatterer ..................................... 3
2.1.2 Distributed Scatterer ............................... 3
2.1.3 Layover of Scatter ers .............................. 4
2.2 Multipass InSAR ............................................ 4
2.2.1 Single-look InSAR Statistics ........................ 5
2.3 The Relativeness of Multipass InSAR Estimates .............. 6
2.4 Robust Estimation .......................................... 8
2.4.1 Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) .................. 9
2.4.2 M-estimator ......................................... 9
2.4.3 Influence Function ................................. 10
3 State-of-the-art of Multipass SAR Interferometry .......... 12
3.1 State-of-the-art .......................................... 12
3.1.1 Persistent Scatterer Interferometry ................ 12
3.1.2 Small Baseline Subset .............................. 15
3.1.3 SqueeSAR (Adaptive Multilooking) ................... 17
3.1.4 SAR Tomography and Differential SAR Tomography ..... 18
3.1.5 InSAR Point Cloud Fusion ........................... 20
3.1.6 Optical and SAR Images Fusion ...................... 21
3.2 Contribution of this Thesis ............................... 22
3.2.1 Computationally Efficient TomoSAR Inversion ........ 22
3.2.2 TomoSAR Point Cloud Fusion ......................... 22
3.2.3 InSAR Optical Fusion ............................... 22
3.2.4 Robust Estimators .................................. 22
4 Summary of the Work ....................................... 24
4.1 Computationally Efficient Tomographic SAR Inversion ....... 24
4.1.1 Pre-classification of Single and Double
Scatterers ......................................... 24
4.1.2 Computational Cost Analysis ........................ 27
4.1.3 Tomographic Reconstruction of Entire City .......... 27
4.2 Automatic Feature-based TomoSAR Point Cloud Fusion ........ 29
4.2.1 Point Density Estimation ........................... 29
4.2.2 L-shape End Point Estimation ....................... 30
4.2.3 Fusion Result ...................................... 33
4.3 Semantic Interpretation of InSAR Estimates Using Optical
Images .................................................... 34
4.3.1 Geometric Co-registration of Optical Images and
InSAR Point Cloud .................................. 34
4.3.2 TomoSAR Point Cloud Rendering ...................... 38
4.3.3 Practical Demonstration ............................ 41
4.4 Robust Estimators for Multipass SAR Interferometry ........ 44
4.4.1 Robust Covariance Matrix Estimators ................ 44
4.4.2 Generalized Rank Covariance Estimator .............. 49
4.4.3 Robust Phase History Parameters Estimators ......... 51
4.4.4 Practical Demonstration of the Robust InSAR
Optimization ....................................... 54
5 Conclusion and Outlook .................................... 60
5.1 Conclusion ................................................ 60
5.2 Outlook ................................................... 61
References ..................................................... 63
Acknowledgement ................................................ 75
Appendices ..................................................... 76
A Wang Y., Zhu X., Bamler R. (2014) An Efficient
Tomographic Inversion Approach for Urban Mapping Using
Meter Resolution SAR Image Stacks. IEEE Geoscience and
Remote Sensing Letters, 11 (7): 1250-1254 ................. 77
В Wang Y., Zhu X. (2015a) Automatic Feature-based Geometric
Fusion of Multi-view TomoSAR Point Clouds in Urban Area.
IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth
Observation and Remote Sensing, 8(3): 953-965 ............. 85
С Wang Y., Zhu X., Zeisl B., Pollefeys M. (2015b) Fusing
Meter-Resolution 4-D InSAR Point Clouds and Optical
Images for Semantic Urban Infrastructure Monitoring.
IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,
in press ................................................. 101
D Wang Y., Zhu X., Bamler R. (2012) Retrieval of Phase
History Parameters from Distributed Scatterers in Urban
Areas Using Very High Resolution SAR Data. ISPRS
Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 73: 89-99 .. 147
E Wang Y., Zhu X. (2015c) Robust Estimators in Multipass
SAR Interferometry. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and
Remote Sensing, 54 (2): 1-13 ............................. 161
F Publishers Copyright Policies ............................ 177
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