List of Contributors ........................................... xi
List of Abbreviations .......................................... xv
List of Symbols ............................................... xix
List of Reviewers ............................................. xxi
Introduction ................................................ xxiii
Part I: The Major Nanotubular Minerals and Their Structures
1 Phyllosilicates Used as Nanotube Substrates in Engineered
Materials: Structures, Chemistries, and Textures ............. 3
Stephen Guggenheim
Part II: The Identification and Nomenclature of Natural
Mineral Nanotubes (A Historical Perspective)
2 The Identification and Nomenclature of Halloysite
(A Historical Perspective) .................................. 51
G. Jock Churchman
3 The Identification and Nomenclature of Sepiolite and
Palygorskite (A Historical Perspective) ..................... 69
Emilio Galán and Patricia Aparicio
4 The Identification and Nomenclature of Chrysotile
(A Historical Perspective) .................................. 85
Saverio Fiore and F. Javier Huertas
Part III: Mineralogy, Geology and Occurrence of Natural
Mineral Nanotubes
5 The Mineralogy, Geology and Occurrences of Halloysite ....... 95
John L. Keeling
6 The Mineralogy, Geology and Main Occurences of Sepiolite
and Playgorskite Clays ..................................... 117
Emilio Galán and Manuel Pozo
7 The Mineralogy, Geology and Main Occurrences of
Chrysotile ................................................. 131
Saverio Fiore and F. Javier Huertas
Part IV: Applications of Natural Mineral Nanotubes in
Nanocomposites
8 Polymer Nanocomposites Reinforced by Halloysite Nanotubes:
A Review ................................................... 141
Vahdat Vahedi and Pooria Pasbakhsh
Part V: Biopolymer Composites of Natural Mineral Nanotubes and
Their Applications
9 Bionanocomposites of Sepiolite and Palygorskite and Their
Medical Issues ............................................. 173
Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky, Margarita Darder, Francisco
M. Fernandes, Bernd Wicklein, Ana CS. Alcântara, and Pilar
Aranda
10 Biopolymer Nanocomposites: Polylactic Acid/Halloysite
Nanotube Composites ........................................ 197
Rangika T. De Silva, Pooria Pasbakhsh, and Kheng Lim Goh
11 Halloysite-Poly(Lactic-co-glycolic Acid) Nanocomposites
for Biomedical Applications ................................ 217
Mingxian Liu, Peng Ao, Qi Peng, Binghong Luo, and Changren
Zhou
12 Current Research on Chitosan- Halloysite Composites ........ 235
Kavitha Govindasamy, Pooria Pasbakhsh, and Kheng Lim Goh
Part VI: Mechanical Properties of Halloysite and Other Nanotubes
13 Measurement of the Elastic Modulus of Halloysite
Nanotubes Using Atomic Force Microscopy .................... 251
B. Lecouvet, C. Bailly, and B. Nysten
14 Mechanics of Halloysite Nanotubes .......................... 261
Kheng Lim Goh, Rangika De Silva, and Pooria Pasbakhsh
Part VII: Modification of Natural Mineral Nanotubes
15 Functionalization and Compatiblization of Halloysite
Nanotubes .................................................. 283
Vahdat Vahedi and Pooria Pasbakhsh
16 Modification of Sepiolite and Palygorskite Nanotubes and
Their Applications ......................................... 307
Gustave Kenne Dedzo and Christian Detellier
17 Organopalygorskites Prepared from Quaternary Ammonium
Compounds and Their Environmental Uses ..................... 323
Binoy Sarkar and Ravi Naidu
18 Surface Modification of Halloysite Nanotubes: Role of
External Hydroxyl Groups ................................... 341
Vahdat Vahedi, Pooria Pasbakhsh, and Siang-Piao Chai
Part VIII: Natural Mineral Nanotubes as Nanoreactors Used
in Industrial and Agricultural Applications
19 Halloysite Tubule Nanoreactors in Industrial and
Agricultural Applications .................................. 363
Elshad Abdullayev and Yuri Lvov
20 Some Further Industrial, Environmental and Biomedical
Applications of Halloysite Nanotubes ....................... 383
B. Lecouvet
21 Nanotubular Minerals as Templates and Nanoreactors ......... 407
Gustave Kenne Dedzo and Christian Detellier
Part IX: Medical and Health Applications of Natural Mineral
Nanotubes and Their Health Problems
22 Medical and Health Applications of Halloysite Nanotubes .... 421
Elshad Abdullayev
23 Medical and Health Applications of Natural Mineral
Nanotubes .................................................. 437
César Viseras, Carola Aguzzi, and Pilar Cerezo
24 The Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Different Naturally
Occurring Halloysites ...................................... 449
Javiera Cervini-Silva, Antonio Nieto-Camacho and Maria
Teresa Ramirez-Apán
25 Health Effects of Carbon Nanotubes and Some Comparisons
with Natural Mineral Nanotubes ............................. 461
Marie-Claude Jaurand
Part X: Final Remarks
26 Current Trends in Research and Application of Natural
Mineral Nanotubes .......................................... 481
G. Jock Churchman and Pooria Pasbakhsh
Index ......................................................... 489
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