PREFACE ........................................................ ix
CONTRIBUTORS ................................................. xiii
PART I CAUSES OF ACID MINE DRAINAGE, ROCK DRAINAGE, AND
SULFATE SOILS
1 Acid Drainage and Sulfide Oxidation: Introduction ............ 3
James A. Jacobs and Stephen M. Testa
2 Vitriols in Antiquity ........................................ 9
Stephen M. Testa
3 Biogeochemistry of Acid Drainage ............................ 15
James A. Jacobs and David B. Vance
4 Trace Element Geochemistry and Acid Rock Drainage ........... 53
Bruce W. Downing and John Gravel
5 The Microbiology of Acid Drainage ........................... 61
Bruce W. Downing
6 Natural Acid Rock Generation, Drainage, and Metal
Leaching: Impact on Exploration, Mining, and Reclamation .... 67
Bruce W. Downing
7 The Sulfur Cycle: Acid Drainage and Beyond .................. 81
David B. Vance
PART II ASSESSMENT OF ACID MINE DRAINAGE, ROCK DRAINAGE,
AND SULFATE SOILS
8 Sampling Strategies for Acid Drainage Studies ............... 99
James A. Jacobs
9 Stream Characterization for Acid Mine Drainage ............. 105
Jeff Skousen and James A. Jacobs
10 Overview of Soil and Groundwater Sampling Methods for
Acid Drainage Studies ...................................... 119
James A. Jacobs
11 Acid Drainage Sampling Design and Sample Preparation ....... 123
Bruce W. Downing
12 Acid Drainage and Aquatic Resources ........................ 131
Dennis R. Neuman, Smart R. Jennings, and James A. Jacobs
13 Metals Associated with Acid Rock Drainage and Their
Effect on Fish Health and Ecosystems ....................... 139
Dennis R. Neuman, Peter J. Brown, and Stuart R. Jennings
14 Biological Sampling and Inventory Process .................. 171
Jeff Skousen, Craig Mains, and James A. Jacobs
15 Acid Rock Drainage as Related to Permafrost, Glaciers,
and Climate Change ......................................... 185
Bruce W. Downing and James A. Jacobs
16 Acid Sulfate Soils ......................................... 191
James A. Jacobs
17 Prevention of Arsenic Mobilization Related to Sulfide
Oxidation in Aquifers ...................................... 197
Mark S. Pearce, Mike Waldron, and James A. Jacobs
PART III PREDICTION AND PREVENTION OF ACID MINE
DRAINAGE, ROCK DRAINAGE, AND SULFATE SOILS
18 Overview of Acid Drainage Prediction and Prevention ........ 207
Stuart R. Jennings and James A. Jacobs
19 Acid-Base Accounting Associated with Acid Rock Drainage .... 217
Bruce W. Downing
20 Acid-Base Accounting Test Procedures ....................... 229
Bruce W. Downing
21 Kinetic Testing Procedures ................................. 253
Bruce W. Downing
22 Kinetic Testing Data Interpretation ........................ 261
Bruce W. Downing
23 Block Modeling and Acid Rock Drainage Prediction ........... 267
Bruce W. Downing and Gary Giroux
24 Lithogeochemical Methods for Acid Rock Drainage
Prediction ................................................. 273
Bruce W. Downing and Hans E. Madeisky
25 Predicting Acid Rock Drainage Based on Mineralogy and
Petrology Studies .......................................... 285
Shannon Shaw and Bruce W. Downing
26 Management and Analysis of Acid Drainage Data .............. 293
Bruce W. Downing
27 Acid Generation and Drainage Workshop: Example
Calculations and Solved Problems ........................... 305
Jeff Skousen, Paul Ziemkiewicz, and James A. Jacobs
28 Mine Reclamation Policy and Regulations of Selected
Jurisdictions .............................................. 319
James A. Jacobs and Stephen M. Testa
PART IV REMEDIATION OF ACID MINE DRAINAGE, ROCK DRAINAGE,
AND SULFATE SOILS
29 Overview of Acid Mine Drainage Treatment with Chemicals .... 327
Jeff Skousen
30 Passive Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage .................... 339
Carl Zipper and Jeff Skousen
31 The Iron Mountain Mine in Shasta County, California ........ 355
James A. Jacobs and Stephen M. Testa
32 Overview of Resources from Acid Drainage and Postmining
Opportunities .............................................. 361
James A. Jacobs
33 Systematic Land Reclamation Assessment at Acid Mine
Drainage Sites ............................................. 377
Pamela S. Blicker, Dennis R. Neuman, Stuart R. Jennings,
and James A. Jacobs
34 Resource Recovery .......................................... 387
Stephen M. Testa
35 Case Studies for Acid Mine Drainage ........................ 407
James A. Jacobs
36 Sustainable Aquaculture Using Treated and Untreated Mine
Water from Coal Mines ...................................... 419
Kenneth J. Semmens and James A. Jacobs
PART V APPENDIXES
Appendix A Web Resources for Acid Drainage Issues ............. 433
Appendix В Acronyms Used in Acid Drainage Literature .......... 435
Appendix С Glossary of Acid Drainage and Mining Technical
Terms .............................................. 442
Appendix D Chemical Equilibrium Diagrams ...................... 447
Appendix E Soil and Groundwater Sampling Methods for Acid
Drainage Studies ................................... 450
Appendix F Conversion Factors and Datums ...................... 459
Appendix G Nomenclature and Physical Characteristics of
Pyrite ............................................. 461
Appendix H Summary of U.S. EPA Method 1627 Kinetic Test
Procedure for the Prediction of Mine Drainage
Quality ............................................ 463
Appendix I Acid Mine Drainage Remediation Decision Tree ....... 475
INDEX ......................................................... 481
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