Preface ......................................................... v
Contributors ................................................... xi
Part I Overview of Microglia Biology
1 A Brief Overview of Multitalented Microglia .................. 3
Bertrand Joseph and Jose Luis Venero
Part II Isolation and Culture of Microglia
2 Cell Culturing of Human and Murine Microglia Cell Lines ..... 11
Johanna Rodhe
3 Microglia Isolation from Adult Mouse Brain .................. 17
Jae-Kyung Lee and Malu G. Tansey
4 Preparation of Primary Microglia Cultures from Postnatal
Mouse and Rat Brains ........................................ 25
Tomas Deierborg
5 Isolation of Murine Postnatal Brain Microglia for
Phenotypic Characterization Using Magnetic Cell Separation
Technology .................................................. 33
Ashley S. Harms and Malú G. Tansey
6 Isolation and Culture of Adult Human Microglia Within
Mixed Glial Cultures for Functional Experimentation and
High-Content Analysis ....................................... 41
Amy M. Smith, Hannah M. Gibbons, Claire Lill, Richard
L.M. Fault, and Mike Dragunow
Part III Depletion and Transduction of Microglia
7 Depletion of Microglia from Primary Cellular Cultures ....... 55
Lorena Pont-Lezica, Sabrina Colasse, and Alain Bessis
8 Lentiviral Transduction of Cultured Microglia ............... 63
Takahiro Masuda, Makoto Tsuda, Hidetoshi Tozaki-Saitoh,
and Kazuhide Inoue
Part IV Analysis of Microglial Cytokine Production
9 Microglial Activation: Measurement of Cytokines by Flow
Cytometry ................................................... 71
Deepak Kumar Kaushik and Anirban Basu
10 In Situ Hybridization of Cytokine mRNA Using Alkaline
Phosphatase-Labelled Oligodeoxynucleotide Probes ............ 83
Bettina Clausen, Christina Fenger, and Bente Finsen
11 Use of Meso-Scale DiscoveryTM to Examine Cytokine Content
in Microglia Cell Supernatant ............................... 93
Miguel A. Burguillos
Part V Analysis of Microglia Activation
12 Analysis of Microglial Production of Reactive Oxygen and
Nitrogen Species ........................................... 103
Urte Neniskyte and Guy C. Brown
13 Quantification of Active Caspase-3 and Active Caspase-8
in Microglia Cells ......................................... 113
Edel Kavanagh
14 Quantification of Microglial Phagocytosis by a Flow
Cytometer-Based Assay ...................................... 121
Refik Pul, Kandiyil Prajeeth Chittappen, and Martin
Stangel
15 Quantification of Microglial Proliferation and Apoptosis
by Flow Cytometry .......................................... 129
Alicia A. Babcock, Martin Wirenfeldt, and Bente Finsen
16 Fluorescence Imaging of Intracellular Ca2+, Na+, and H+
in Cultured Microglia ...................................... 147
Tom Schilling and Claudia Eder
17 Patch Clamp Protocols to Study Ion Channel Activity in
Microglia .................................................. 163
Tom Schilling and Claudia Eder
Part VI Analysis of Microglia Polarization
18 Studying M1 and M2 States in Adult Microglia ............... 185
Sadanand M. Gaikwad and Michael T. Heneka
19 Isolating, Culturing, and Polarizing Primary Human Adult
and Fetal Microglia ........................................ 199
Bryce A. Durafourt, Craig S. Moore, Manon Blain, and
Jack P. Antel
Part VII Co-culture Systems to Analysis Microglia
Interactions with Other Cell Types
20 Understanding Microglia-Neuron Cross Talk: Relevance
of the Microglia-Neuron Cocultures ......................... 215
Fernando G. Correa, Miriam Hernangómez, and Carmen Guaza
21 Preparation of Rodent Primary Cultures for Neuron-Glia,
Mixed Glia, Enriched Microglia, and Reconstituted
Cultures with Microglia .................................... 231
Shih-Heng Chen, Esteban A. Oyarzabal, and Jau-Shyong Hong
Part VIII Analysis of Microglia Functions In Vivo
22 Microglia Detection by Enzymatic Histochemistry ............ 243
Beatriz Almolda, Berta González, and Bernardo Castellano
23 Tomato Lectin Histochemistry for Microglial
Visualization .............................................. 261
Nàdia Villacampa, Beatriz Almolda, Berta González, and
Bernardo Castellano
24 Immunohistochemical Detection of Microglia ................. 281
Rocío M. de Pablos, Ana M. Espinosa-Oliva, and Antonio
J. Herrera
25 Intrathecal Infusion of Microglia Cells .................... 291
Takahiro Masuda, Makoto Tsuda, Hidetoshi Tozaki-Saitoh,
and Kazuhide Inoue
26 Intracranial Injection of LPS in Rat as Animal Model
of Neuroinflammation ....................................... 295
Ana M. Espinosa-Oliva, Rocio M. de Pablos, and Antonio
J. Herrera
27 Analyses of Microglia Effector Function Using CX3CR1-GFP
Knock-In Mice .............................................. 307
Jenny A. Garcia, Sandra M. Cardona, and Astrid E. Cardona
28 In Vivo Two-Photon Microscopy of Microglia ................. 319
Satoru Kondo and SMgeo Okabe
29 Use of Confocal Microscopy in the Study of Microglia
in a Brain Metastasis Model ................................ 337
Manuel Sarmiento
Index ......................................................... 347
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