1 Introduction to Photonic Quantum Dot Nanomaterials and
Devices ...................................................... 1
1.1 Physical Properties of Quantum Dots ..................... 1
1.2 Active Semiconductor Gain Media ......................... 2
1.3 Quantum Dot Lasers ...................................... 4
1.3.1 Heterostructure lasers ........................... 4
1.3.2 Active nanomaterials ............................. 5
1.4 Laser Cavities .......................................... 6
1.4.1 In-plane edge-emitting lasers .................... 7
1.4.2 Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers .......... 8
1.4.3 High-power laser amplifiers ...................... 9
1.4.4 Coupled-cavity systems .......................... 10
1.4.5 Optically excited nano systems .................. 11
1.4.6 QD metastructures ............................... 11
References ............................................. 12
2 Theory of Quantum Dot Light-Matter Dynamics ................. 15
2.1 Rate Equations ......................................... 19
2.2 MaxwelKBloch Equations ................................. 24
2.2.1 Mesoscopic two-level approach ................... 25
2.2.2 Mesoscopic Maxwell-Bloch description of
multi-level quantum dot systems ................. 29
2.2.2.1 Optical field dynamics ................. 30
2.2.2.2 Carrier dynamics within a quantum dot .. 34
2.3 Quantum Luminescence Equations ......................... 38
2.4 Quantum Theoretical Description ........................ 42
References ............................................. 43
3 Light Meets Matter I: Microscopic Carrier Effects and
Fundamental Light-Matter Interaction ........................ 45
3.1 Dynamics in the Active Charge Carrier Plasma ........... 46
3.1.1 Intra-dot carrier scattering .................... 47
3.1.2 Phonon induced carrier scattering between
quantum dots and wetting layer .................. 48
3.1.3 Auger scattering processes involving OD and
2D carriers ..................................... 49
3.1.4 Level and gain dynamics ......................... 51
3.1.5 Dynamics of carrier scattering rates ............ 54
3.2 Dynamic Level Hole Burning ............................. 57
3.3 Ultrashort Nonlinear Gain and Index Dynamics ........... 62
3.4 Conclusion ............................................. 69
References ............................................. 69
4 Light Meets Matter II: Mesoscopic Space-Time Dynamics ....... 71
4.1 Introduction: Transverse and Longitudinal Mode
Dynamics ............................................... 71
4.2 Influence of the Transverse Degree of Freedom and
Nano-Structuring on Nearfield Dynamics and Spectra ..... 72
4.3 Longitudinal Modes ..................................... 77
4.4 Coupled Space-Time Dynamics in the Active Area ......... 78
4.4.1 Influence of injection level and geometry ....... 79
4.4.2 Influence of disorder: the spatially
inhomogeneous quantum dot ensemble .............. 83
4.4.3 Light fluctuations and mode competition
in quantum dot cavities ......................... 86
4.5 Conclusion ............................................. 97
References ............................................. 97
5 Performance and Characterisation: Properties on Large Time
and Length Scales .......................................... 101
5.1 Introduction .......................................... 101
5.2 Spatial and Spectral Beam Quality ..................... 102
5.3 Dynamic Amplitude Phase Coupling ...................... 105
5.4 Conclusion ............................................ 113
References ............................................ 113
6 Nonlinear Pulse Propagation in Semiconductor Quantum Dot
Lasers ..................................................... 115
6.1 Dynamic Shaping of Short Optical Pulses ............... 116
6.2 Nonlinear Femtosecond Dynamics of Ultrashort Light
Pulses ................................................ 118
6.2.1 Self-induced propagation control: tunable
propagation speed .............................. 118
6.2.2 Propagation control by a second pulse .......... 123
6.3 Conclusion ............................................ 125
References ............................................ 125
7 High-Speed Dynamics ........................................ 127
7.1 Mode-Locking in Multi-Section Quantum Dot Lasers ...... 127
7.2 Dependence of Pulse Duration on Injection Current,
Bias Voltage and Device Geometry ...................... 129
7.3 Radio Frequency Spectra of the Emitted Light .......... 132
7.4 Short-Pulse Optimisation .............................. 134
7.5 Conclusion ............................................ 136
References ............................................ 137
8 Quantum Dot Random Lasers .................................. 139
8.1 Spatially Inhomogeneous Semiconductor Quantum Dot
Ensembles ............................................. 139
8.1.1 Gain spectra ................................... 141
8.1.2 Spatial and spectral hole burning .............. 142
8.2 Coherence Properties .................................. 145
8.3 Random basing in Semiconductor Quantum Dot
Ensembles ............................................. 150
8.3.1 The physics of random lasing ................... 150
8.3.2 Lasers with strong disorder: incoherent
feedback ....................................... 152
8.3.3 Lasers with weak disorder: coherent feedback ... 155
8.4 Conclusion ............................................ 157
References ............................................ 157
9 Coherence Properties of Quantum Dot Micro-Cavity Lasers .... 159
9.1 Introduction .......................................... 159
9.2 Radial Signal Propagation and Coherence Trapping ...... 161
9.3 Influence of Disorder ................................. 168
9.4 Conclusions ........................................... 170
References ............................................ 170
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