Preface ......................................................... v
Contributors ................................................... xi
1 Setting Up an Ancient DNA Laboratory ......................... 1
Tara L. Fulton
2 A Phenol-Chloroform Protocol for Extracting DNA from
Ancient Samples ............................................. 13
Ross Barnett and Greger Larson
3 DNA Extraction of Ancient Animal Hard Tissue Samples via
Adsorption to Silica Particles .............................. 21
Nadin Rohland
4 Case Study: Recovery of Ancient Nuclear DNA from Toe Pads
of the Extinct Passenger Pigeon ............................. 29
Tara L. Fulton, Stephen M. Wagner, and Beth Shapiro
5 Extraction of DNA from Paleofeces ........................... 37
Melanie Kuch and Hendrik Poinar
6 DNA Extraction from Keratin and Chitin ...................... 43
Paula F. Campos and Thomas M.P. Gilbert
7 Case Study: Ancient Sloth DNA Recovered from Hairs
Preserved in Paleofeces ..................................... 51
Andrew A. Clack, Ross D.E. MacPhee, and Hendrik N. Poinar
8 Ancient DNA Extraction from Soils and Sediments ............. 57
James Haile
9 DNA Extraction from Fossil Eggshell ......................... 65
Charlotte L. Oskam and Michael Bunce
10 Ancient DNA Extraction from Plants .......................... 71
Logan Kistler
11 DNA Extraction from Formalin-Fixed Material ................. 81
Paula F. Campos and Thomas M.P. Gilbert
12 Case Study: Ancient DNA Recovered from Pleistocene-Age
Remains of a Florida Armadillo .............................. 87
Brandon Letts and Beth Shapiro
13 Nondestructive DNA Extraction from Museum Specimens ......... 93
Michael Hojreiter
14 Case Study: Using a Nondestructive DNA Extraction Method
to Generate mtDNA Sequences from Historical Chimpanzee
Specimens .................................................. 101
Elmira Mohandesan, Stefan Prost, and Michael Hojreiter
15 PCR Amplification, Cloning, and Sequencing of Ancient
DNA ........................................................ 111
Tara L. Fulton and Mathias Stiller
16 Quantitative Real-Time PCR in aDNA Research ................ 121
Michael Bunce, Charlotte L. Oskam, and Morten E.
Allentoft
17 Multiplex PCR Amplification of Ancient DNA ................. 133
Mathias Stiller and Tara L. Fulton
18 Preparation of Next-Generation Sequencing Libraries from
Damaged DNA ................................................ 143
Adrian W. Brings and Patricia Heyn
19 Generating Barcoded Libraries for Multiplex High-
Throughput Sequencing ...................................... 155
Michael Knapp, Mathias Stiller, and Matthias Meyer
20 Case Study: Targeted high-Throughput Sequencing of
Mitochondrial Genomes from Extinct Cave Bears via Direct
Multiplex PCR Sequencing (DMPS) ............................ 171
Mathias Stiller
21 Target Enrichment via DNA Hybridization Capture ............ 177
Susanne Horn
22 Case Study: Enrichment of Ancient Mitochondrial DNA
by Hybridization Capture ................................... 189
Susanne Horn
23 Analysis of High-Throughput Ancient DNA Sequencing Data .... 197
Martin Kircher
24 Phylogenetic Analysis of Ancient DNA using BEAST ........... 229
Simon Y.W. Ho
Index ......................................................... 243
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