PRODUCTION: A PERSPECTIVE ...................................... ix
Michael G. Tovey
CONTRIBUTORS .................................................. xxi
PART I RISK-BASED STRATEGIES .................................... 1
1 Principles of Risk Assessment and Monitoring of Antibody
Responses to Biopharmaceuticals .............................. 3
Eugen Koren, Erik Poehr, and Charles A. O'Neill
PART II REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS ................................ 13
2 Immunogenicity of Therapeutic Proteins: A Regulatory
Perspective ................................................. 15
Susan Kirshner
3 Guidance on Immunogenicity Assessment of Biologically
Derived Therapeutic Proteins: A European Perspective ........ 37
Meenu Wadhwa and Robin Thorpe
4 Japanese Regulatory Perspective on Immunogenicity ........... 57
Takao Hayakawa and Akiko Ishii-Watabe
PART III PRINCIPAL TECHNOLOGIES EMPLOYED FOR THE
QUANTIFICATION OF ANTI-DRUG ANTIBODIES ......................... 81
5 Enzyme Immunoassays and Radioimmunoassays for
Quantification of Anti-TNF Biopharmaceuticals and Anti-
Drug Antibodies ............................................. 83
Klaus Bendtzen and Morten Svenson
6 Confirmatory Immunogenicity Assays ......................... 103
Eric Wakshull and Daniel Coleman
7 The Use of Pharmacodynamics as a Surrogate Marker for the
Detection of Anti-Drug Neutralizing Antibodies ............. 119
Florian Deisenhammer
8 Cell-Based Assays for the Detection of Neutralizing
Antibodies to Interferon Beta (IFN-β) and Tumor Necrosis
Factor Alpha (TNF-α) Inhibitors ............................ 133
Anthony Meager
9 Detection of Neutralizing Antibodies against Interferon
Beta у by Real-Time RT-PCR ................................. 157
Francesco Gilli and Antonio Bertolotto
10 Competitive Ligand-Binding Assays for the Detection of
Neutralizing Antibodies .................................... 175
Bonnie W. Wu, George R. Gunn III, and Gopi Shankar
11 The Use of Surface Plasmon Resonance for the Detection
and Characterization of Antibodies ......................... 193
Steven J. Swanson and Daniel Mytych
12 Hypersensitivity Reactions to Biopharmaceuticals:
Detection and Quantification of Drug-Specific IgE
Antibodies ................................................. 211
Jörgen Dahlström and Lennart Venemalm
PART IV ASSAY STANDARDIZATION AND VALIDATION .................. 233
13 Standardization and Validation of Immunoassays ............. 235
Daniel Kramer
14 Standardization and Validation of Cell-Based Assays for
the Detection of Neutralizing Anti-Drug Antibodies ......... 243
Deborah Finco-Kent and Amy Grenham
15 Standardization of Neutralizing Antibody Unitage by
Bioassay Design: Constant Antigen and Constant Antibody
Methodology ................................................ 269
Sidney E. Grossberg, Yoshimi Kawade, and Leslie
D. Grossberg
PART V STATISTICAL CONSIDERATIONS ............................. 287
16 Cut Points and Performance Characteristics for Anti-Drug
Antibody Assays ............................................ 289
Viswanath Devanarayan and Michael G. Tovey
17 Dilutional Linearity for Neutralizing Antibody Assays ...... 309
David Lansky and Carrie Wager
PART VI ADAPTATION OF ANTI-DRUG ANTIBODY ASSAYS TO
CHALLENGING CONDITIONS ........................................ 319
18 Detection of Antibodies to Biopharmaceuticals in the
Presence of High Levels of Circulating Drug ................ 321
Arno Kromminga and Michael G. Tovey
19 Antibody Assays in Animal Research ......................... 331
Vera Brinks, Francesco Gilli, Melody Sauerborn, and Huub
Schellekens
20 Immunogenicity of Microbial Digestive Enzymes for Oral
Replacement Therapy in Pancreatic Exocrine Insufficiency ... 343
Claudia Berger and Uwe Niesner
PART VII NOVEL TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE QUANTIFICATION OF
NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES ....................................... 369
21 Measurement of Biologically Active Drug as an Approach
to Detection of Anti-Drug Neutralizing Antibodies .......... 371
Yao Zhuang and Shalini Gupta
22 A Novel One-Step Cell-Based Assay for Quantification
of Neutralizing Antibodies to Biopharmaceuticals ........... 383
Christophe Lallemand and Michael G. Tovey
INDEX ......................................................... 399
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