Introduction .................................................... 1
1. Elasticity
Application of inelastic X-ray scattering to the measurements
of acoustic wave velocities in geophysical materials at very
high pressure
G. Fiquet, J. Badro, F. Guyot, Ch. Bellin, M. Krisch,
D. Antonangeli, H. Requardt, A. Mermet, D. Farber,
C. Aracne-Ruddle and J. Zhang ................................ 5
Ultrasonic measurements of the sound velocities in
polycrystalline San Carlos olivine in multi-anvil,
high-pressure apparatus
K.L. Darling, G.D. Gwanmesia, J. Kung, B. Li and
R.C. Liebermann ............................................. 19
Thermal equation of state of (Mg0.91Fe0.09)2SiO4 ringwoodite
Y. Nishihara, E. Takahashi, K.N. Matsukage, T. Iguchi,
K. Nakayama and K.-i. Funakoshi ............................. 33
Sound velocities and elastic constants of iron-bearing
hydrous ringwoodite
S.D. Jacobsen, J.R. Smyth, H. Spetzler, C.M. Holl and
D.J. Frost .................................................. 47
Thermal equation of state of akimotoite MgSiO3 and effects of
the akimotoite-garnet transformation on seismic structure
near the 660 km discontinuity
Y. Wang, T. Uchida, J. Zhang, M.L. Rivers and S.R. Sutton ... 57
Complicated effects of aluminum on the compressibility of
silicate perovskite
T. Yagi, K. Okabe, N. Nishiyama, A. Kubo and T. Kikegawa .... 81
Elasticity and strength of calcium silicate perovskite at
lower mantle pressures
S.R. Shieh, T.S. Duffy and G. Shen .......................... 93
Equations of state of Na-K-Al host phases and implications
for MORB density in the lower mantle
N. Guignot and D. Andrault ................................. 107
2. Mantle mineralogy
Density of MORB eclogite in the upper mantle
I. Aoki and Е. Takahashi ................................... 129
High-pressure transitions of diopside and wollastonite:
phase equilibria and themidchemistry of CaMgSi206 , CaSiO3
and CaSi2O6-CaTiSiO5 system
M. Akaogi, M. Yano, Y. Tejima, M. Iijima and H. Kojitani ... 145
Oxidation state of iron in hydrous mantle phases:
implications for subduction and mantle oxygen fugacity
C.A. McCammon, D.J. Frost, J.R. Smyth, H.M.S. Laustsen,
T. Kawamoto, N.L. Ross and P.A. van Aken 157 Stability
of spinelloid phases in the system Mg2Si04-Fe2Si04-Fe304
at 1100°C and up to 10.5 GPa M. Koch, A.B. Woodland and
R.J. Angel ................................................. 171
Precise determination of phase relations in pyrolite across
the 660 km seismic discontinuity by in situ X-ray
diffraction and quench experiments
N. Nishiyama, T. Irifune, T. Inoue, J.-i. Ando and
K.-i. Funakoshi ............................................ 185
Phase transitions of (Mg,Fe)0 at megabar pressures
T. Kondo, E. Ohtani, N. Hirao, T. Yagi and T. Kikegawa ..... 201
Approach to the mineralogy of the lower mantle by a combined
method of a laser-heated diamond anvil cell experiment and
analytical electron microscopy
K. Fujino, Y. Sasaki, T. Komori, H. Ogawa, N. Miyajima,
N. Sata and T. Yagi ........................................ 215
Stability of the high-pressure polymorph of zircon (ZrSiO4)
in the deep mantle
Y. Tange and E. Takahashi .................................. 223
A class of new high-pressure silica polymorphs
L.S. Dubrovinsky, N.A. Dubrovinskaia, V. Prakapenka,
F. Seifert, F. Langenhorst, V. Dmitriev, H.-P. Weber and
T. LeBihan ................................................. 231
Limits to resolution in composition and density in ultra
high-pressure experiments on natural mantle-rock samples
K.K.M. Lee, B. O'Neill and R. Jeanloz ...................... 241
3. Fluids and volatiles in the Earth
Water transport into the deep mantle and formation of a
hydrous transition zone
E. Ohtani, K. Litasov, T. Hosoya, T. Kubo and T. Kondo ..... 255
High pressure crystal chemistry of hydrous ringwoodite and
water in the Earth's interior
J.R. Smyth, C.M. Holi, D.J. Frost and S.D. Jacobsen ........ 271
Thermal expansion of wadsleyite, ringwoodite, hydrous
wadsleyite and hydrous ringwoodite
T. Inoue, Y. Tanimoto, T. Irifune, T. Suzuki, H. Fukui
and O. Ohtaka .............................................. 279
A high-pressure infrared and X-ray study of FeCO3 and MnCO3:
comparison with CaMg(CO3)2-dolomite
J. Santillán and Q. Williams ............................... 291
Structural relation of phase A to ringwoodite: predicted
possible low-pressure polymorph of Mg7Si2H6O14 (phase All)
derived as recombination structure from forsterite
Y. Kudoh ................................................... 305
4. Transport Properties and Rheology
Simultaneous measurements of thermal conductivity and
thermal diffusivity for garnet and olivine under high
pressure
M. Osako, E. Ito and A. Yoneda ............................. 311
Thermal diffusivity and conductivity of olivine, wadsleyite
and ringwoodite to 20 GPa and 1373 К
Y. Xu, T.J. Shankland, S. Linhardt, D.C. Rubie,
F. Langenhorst and K. Klasinski ............................ 321
Detection and analysis of microseismicity in multi anvil
experiments
D.P. Dobson, P.G. Meredith and S.A. Boon ................... 337
Deformation experiments using synchrotron X-rays: in situ
stress and strain measurements at high pressure and
temperature
J. Chen, L. Li, D. Weidner and M. Vaughan .................. 347
Stress measurements of deforming olivine at high pressure
L. Li, D. Weidner, P. Raterron, J. Chen and M. Vaughan ..... 357
5. Melting and early Earth history
Shock-induced superheating and melting curves of
geophysically important minerals
S.-N. Luo and T.J. Ahrens .................................. 369
Hydrous phase stability and partial melt chemistry in
H20-saturated KLB-1 peridotite up to the uppermost lower
mantle conditions
T. Kawamoto ................................................ 387
Melting experiments of mantle materials under lower mantle
conditions with implications for magma ocean differentiation
E. Ito, A. Kubo, T. Katsura and M.J. Walter ................ 397
Trace element partitioning between majoritic garnet and
silicate melt at 25 GPa
A. Corgne and B.J. Wood .................................... 407
Phase relations of a carbonaceous chondrite at lower mantle
conditions
Y. Asahara, T. Kubo and T. Kondo ........................... 421
The behaviour of sulphur in metal-silicate core segregation
experiments under reducing conditions
J. Siebert, V. Malavergne, F. Guyot, R. Combes and
I. Martinez ................................................ 433
6. Iron and Planetary Cores
Non-collinear magnetism in iron at high pressures
R.E. Cohen and S. Mukherjee ................................ 445
In situ X-ray diffraction studies of iron to Earth-core
conditions
Y. Ma, M. Somayazulu, G. Shen, H.-k. Mao, J. Shu and
R.J. Hemley ................................................ 455
Phase relationships and equations of state for FeS at high
pressures and temperatures and implications for the internal
structure of Mars
S. Urakawa, K. Someya, H. Terasaki, T. Katsura,
S. Yokoshi, K.-i. Funakoshi, W. Utsumi, Y. Katayama,
Y.-i. Sueda and T. Irifune ................................. 469
The structure of amorphous iron at high pressures to 67 GPa
measured in a diamond anvil cell
G. Shen, M.L. Rivers, S.R. Sutton, N. Sata,
V.B. Prakapenka, J. Oxley and K.S. Suslick ................. 481
7. Technical developments
A large-volume high-pressure and high-temperature apparatus
for in situ X-ray observation, 'SPEED-Mk.II'
T. Katsura, K.-i. Funakoshi, A. Kubo, N. Nishiyama,
Y. Tange, Y.-i. Sueda, T. Kubo and W. Utsumi ............... 497
A new large-volume multianvil system
D.J. Frost, B.T. Рое, R.G. Tr0nnes, C. Liebske,
A. Duba and D.C. Rubie ..................................... 507
A critical evaluation of pressure scales at high
temperatures by in situ X-ray diffraction measurements
Y. Fei, J. Li, K. HirOse, W. Minarik, J. Van Orman,
С. Sanloup, W. van Westrenen, T. Komabayashi and
K.-i. Funakoshi ............................................ 515
Temperature gradients and evaluation of thermoelastic
properties in the synchrotron-based laser-heated diamond
cell
A. Kavner and W.R. Panero .................................. 527
The effects of chromatic dispersion on temperature
measurement in the laser-heated diamond anvil cell
M.J. Walter and K.T. Koga .................................. 541
Modern techniques in measuring elasticity of Earth materials
at high pressure and high temperature using ultrasonic
interferometry in conjunction with synchrotron X-radiation
in multi-anvil apparatus
B. Li, J. Kung and R.C. Liebermann ......................... 559
Sound velocity measurements on laser-heated MgO and A1203
S.V. Sinogeikin, D.L. Lakshtanov, J.D. Nicholas and
J.D. Bass .................................................. 575
HIP production of a diamond/SiC composite and application to
high-pressure anvils
O. Ohtaka, M. Shimono, N. Ohnishi, H. Fukui, H. Takebe,
H. Arima, T. Yamanaka, T. Kikegawa and S. Kume ............. 587
Formation of pure polycrystalline diamond by direct
conversion of graphite at high pressure and high temperature
T. Irifune, A. Kurio, S. Sakamoto, T. Inoue, H. Sumiya and
K.-i. Funakoshi ............................................... 593
Electron channelling spectroscopy of iron in majoritic
garnet and silicate perovskite using a transmission electron
microscope
N. Miyajima, F. Langenhorst, D.J. Frost and T. Yagi ........ 601
A new type of nonmagnetic diamond anvil cell for nuclear
magnetic resonance spectroscopy
T. Okuchi .................................................. 611
Author Index .................................................. 617
Subject Index ................................................. 619
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