 | Schneider S. A methodology for the extrapolation of trip chain data: diss. / Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Institut für Verkehrsforschung, Berlin. - Köln: DLR, Bibliotheks- und Informationswesen, 2011. - iii, 135 p.: ill., graph. - (Forschungsbericht; 2011-18). - Bibliogr.: p.123-133. - ISSN 1434-8454
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List of Figures ................................................ xi
List of Tables ............................................... xiii
Listings ....................................................... xv
1 Introduction ................................................. 1
1.1 Objective and relevance of the thesis ................... 1
1.2 Structure of the thesis ................................. 4
2 Analysis of commercial passenger transport ................... 5
2.1 Definition .............................................. 5
2.2 Characteristics ......................................... 8
3 Principles of transport demand modeling ...................... 9
3.1 The use of models in science ............................ 9
3.1.1 Introduction to modeling ......................... 9
3.1.2 Computerized modeling ........................... 10
3.2 Models in transport research ........................... 12
3.2.1 The standard four-step model .................... 12
3.2.2 From macroscopic models towards microscopic
simulation ...................................... 14
3.2.3 Formalizing transport demand .................... 15
3.2.4 Activity-based travel theory .................... 18
3.2.5 Static traffic assignment, dynamic traffic
assignment and iterative demand optimization .... 19
4 Feasibility analysis ........................................ 21
4.1 Model theoretic requirements ........................... 21
4.2 Sources for empirical input data ....................... 24
4.2.1 Trip chain data ................................. 24
4.2.2 Traffic volume data ............................. 26
4.2.3 Population data ................................ 27
4.3 Sources for spatial input data ......................... 30
4.3.1 Land-use data ................................... 30
4.3.2 Buildings and postal addresses .................. 31
4.3.3 Spatial zoning systems .......................... 33
4.4 Conclusion ............................................. 35
5 The proposed methodology .................................... 37
5.1 Outline of the methodology ............................. 37
5.2 Model components ....................................... 39
5.2.1 Virtual world ................................... 39
5.2.2 Logbook repository .............................. 42
5.3 Total traffic volume and logbook to business
assignment ............................................. 48
5.4 Constraint definition .................................. 51
5.4.1 The waypoint type constraint c1 ................. 51
5.4.2 The trip length constraint c2 ................... 52
5.4.3 The sorting criterion using z ................... 54
5.5 Template logbook preparation ........................... 55
5.5.1 Formal requirements ............................. 55
5.5.2 Transformation procedure ........................ 57
5.6 Algorithmic solution ................................... 60
5.6.1 Algorithm for logbooks of group one (open trip
chains) ......................................... 61
5.6.2 Extended algorithm for logbooks of group two
(closed trip chains) ............................ 64
5.6.3 Trips transcending the synthetic world .......... 65
5.7 Summary of the proposed methodology .................... 68
6 Example demonstration and evaluation ........................ 69
6.1 Software implementation ................................ 71
6.1.1 Spatial database systems ........................ 71
6.1.2 Reference coordinate systems .................... 72
6.1.3 Data model and system design .................... 72
6.2 Population data synthesis .............................. 74
6.2.1 Using land-use data for disaggregation .......... 74
6.2.2 Private household population synthesis .......... 75
6.2.3 Economic structure synthesis .................... 78
6.3 Template logbook extraction ............................ 80
6.3.1 Relevant attributes and case numbers ............ 81
6.3.2 Repository setup ................................ 82
6.4 Mobility ratio extraction .............................. 86
6.5 Simulation and result analysis ......................... 90
6.5.1 Parameter configuration ......................... 91
6.5.2 Experimental results ............................ 92
6.5.3 Computational speed ............................ 100
7 Discussion and conclusions ................................. 105
7.1 Methodology design aspects ............................ 105
7.2 Strengths and weaknesses .............................. 108
7.3 Scenario analysis and forecasting ..................... 109
8 Summary and outlook ........................................ 113
8.1 Summary ............................................... 113
8.2 Outlook ............................................... 113
A Appendix .................................................... 115
Bibliography .................................................. 123
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