List of Contributing Authors ................................. XIII
List of Editors .............................................. XXIX
Chapter 1
Introduction .................................................... 1
Franz Heidhues and Jens Pape
Chapter 2
Sustainable Resource Management in the Highlands ............... 15
2.1 Introduction .............................................. 17
Mattiga Panomtaranichagul and Ludger Herrmann
2.2 Variability of Soil Resources in Northern Thailand ........ 21
Ludger Herrmann, Klaus Spohrer, Ulrich Schuler, Karl
Stahr, Niwat Anongrak, Thanun Hongsak and Dusit Manajuti
2.3 Water Allocation and Management in Northern Thailand:
The Case of Mae Sa Watershed .............................. 37
Andreas Neef, Chapika Sangkapitux, Wolfram Spreer, Peter
Elstner, Liane Chamsai, Anne Bollen and Jirawan
Kitchaicharoen
2.4 The Environmental Fate of Agrochemicals: A Case Study
in the Mae Sa Noi Watershed ............................... 54
Holger Ciglasch, Julia Busche, Peter Ballarin,
Christopher Tarn, Wulf Amelung, Martin Kaupenjohann,
Kanita Ueangsawat, Pamornwan Nutniyom, Suphot Totrakool,
Gunnar Kahl, Joachim Ingwersen and Thilo Streck
2.5 Biodiversity and Landscape Structure: Challenges for
Insect Management Strategies in Lychee Orchards in the
Mountains of Northern Thailand ............................ 68
Dirk Euler, Konrad Martin, Joachim Sauerborn and Vichian
Hengsavad
2.6 Synthesis: Constraints to Sustainable Use of Soil and
Water in Northern Thailand Highlands and Consequences
for Future Research ....................................... 77
Ludger Herrmann and Mattiga Panomtaranichagul
Chapter 3
Sustainable Fruit Production and Processing Systems ............ 81
3.1 Introduction .............................................. 83
Pittaya Sruamsiri and Sybille Neidhart
3.2 Stabilisation of Fruit Production by Optimised
Plant Nutrition ........................................... 92
Sithidech Roygrong, Pittaya Sruamsiri, Fritz Bangerth,
Ludger Herrmann, Volker Römheld
3.3 Strategies for Flower Induction to Improve Orchard
Productivity: from Compensation of Alternate Bearing
to Off-Season Fruit Production ............................ 96
Pittaya Sruamsiri, Amonnat Chattrakul, Pawin Manochai,
Martin Hegele, Daruni Naphrom, Winai Wiriya-Alongkorn,
Sithidech Roygrong, Fritz Bangerth
3.4 The Plant-Physiological Basis of Flower Induction in
the Control of Fruit Production .......................... 110
Martin Hegele, Fritz Bangerth, Daruni Naphrom, Pawin
Manochai, Pittaya Sruamsiri, Winai Wiriya-Alongkorn,
Amonnat Chattrakul, Sithidech Roygrong
3.5 Alternative Techniques for Water-Saving Irrigation
and Optimised Fertigation in Fruit Production in
Northern Thailand ........................................ 120
Somchai Ongprasert, Wolfram Spreer, Winai Wiriya-
Alongkorn, Saksan Ussahatanonta and Karlheinz Köller
3.6 The Control of Postharvest Ripening Processes and its
Implications for the Productivity of Mango Processing .... 134
Sybille Neidhart, Ana Lucia Vásquez-Caicedo, Busarakorn
Mahayothee, Isabell Pott, Werner Mühlbauer, Pittaya
Sruamsiri and Reinhold Carle
3.7 Innovative Strategies for Sustainable Lychee
Processing ............................................... 147
Sybille Neidhart, Piyatip Hutasingh and Reinhold Carle
3.8 Synthesis: Food Safety, Productivity and Environmental
Awareness as Key Objectives in Sustainable Fruit
Production and Processing Systems ........................ 159
Sybille Neidhart and Pittaya Sruamsiri
Chapter 4
Livestock Production Systems .................................. 173
4.1 Introduction ............................................. 175
Anne Valle Zárate
4.2 The Contribution of Livestock to Sustainable
Development in Mountain Farming in Northern Vietnam ...... 178
Werner Doppler, Nguyen Thi Thanh Huyen and Do Anh Tai
4.3 Sustainability of Local and Improved Pig Breeds for
Different Smallholder Production Conditions .............. 188
Ute Lemke, Anne Valle Zárate, Brigitte Kaufmann,
Javier Delgado Santivañez, Le Thi Thuy, Le Viet Ly,
Hoang Kim Giao and Nguyen Dang Vang
4.4 Local Livestock Genetic Resources in Northern Vietnam .... 203
Le Thi Thuy, Nguyen Dang Vang, Hoang Kim Giao, Le Viet
Ly, Anne Valle Zárate and Ute Lemke
4.5 Genetic Diversity of Vietnamese Pig Breeds ............... 213
Nguyen ThiDieu Thuy, Melchinger, E., Andreas W. Kuss,
Peischl Т., Heinz Bartenschlager, Nguyen V.C., Hermann
Geldermann
4.6 A Survey of Selected Livestock Parasites in Son La ....... 222
Thomas Romig, Tina Jehle, Phan Van Luc and Ute
Mackenstedt
4.7 Synthesis ................................................ 226
Anne Valle Zárate
Chapter 5
Farm Economics and Marketing Dynamics in Support of
Sustainability ................................................ 231
5.1 Introduction ............................................. 233
Franz Heidhues
5.2 The Impact of Family Decision-Making on Sustainable
Rural Livelihoods ........................................ 234
Werner Doppler and Do Anh Tai
5.3 Sustainability of Mountainous Farming-Systems ............ 248
Jürgen Zeddies and Nicole Schönleber
5.4 Sustainable Farming Systems Planning Using Goal
Programming in Northern Thailand ......................... 263
Suwanna Praneetvatakul and Aer Sirijinda
5.5 Fresh Longan Marketing and Reference Market: A Case of
Longan Grown in Northern Thailand ........................ 277
Somporn Isvilanonda
5.6 Interregional Trade Flows and Market Stability ........... 290
Angela Hau and Matthias von Oppen
5.7 Synthesis ................................................ 306
Suwanna Praneetvatakul and Franz Heidhues
Chapter 6
Institutional Framework for Sustainable Land Use .............. 307
6.1 Introduction ............................................. 309
Andreas Neef and Benchaphun Ekasingh
6.2 Resource Tenure and Sustainable Land Management - Case
Studies from Northern Vietnam and Northern Thailand ...... 317
Andreas Neef, Prapinwadee Sirisupluxana, Thomas Wirth,
Chapika Sangkapitux, Franz Heidhues, Dao Chau Thu and
Anan Ganjanapan
6.3 Sustainable and Less Sustainable Developments in Rural
Financial Market of Northern Vietnam ..................... 335
Thomas Dufhues, Gertrud Buchenrieder, Franz Heidhues,
Pham Thi My Dung
6.4 Participatory Research for Sustainable Development in
Vietnam and Thailand: From a Static to an Evolving
Concept .................................................. 353
Andreas Neef, Rupert Friederichsen, Dieter Neubert,
Benchaphun Ekasingh, Franz Heidhues and Nguyen The Dang
6.5 State Administration and Local Networks: The Case of
Pang Ma Pha District, Northern Thailand .................. 374
Rudiger Korff, Hans-Dieter Bechstedt and Patcharin
Nawichai
6.6 Synthesis, Conclusions and Implications for
Institutional Development and Future Research ............ 394
Benchaphun Ekasingh and Andreas Neef
Chapter 7
Conclusions and Outlook ....................................... 399
Franz Heidhues
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