Introduction
(Stottmeister U., Mudroch A.) ................................... 1
Reclamation and Regeneration of Landscapes after Brown Coal
Opencast Mining in Six Different Countries
(Stottmeister U., Mudroch A., Kennedy C., Matiova Z.,
Sanecki J., Svoboda I.) ......................................... 4
1 Problems Resulting from Lignite Mining in Eastern
Germany .................................................... 4
2 Reclaiming the Great Surface Coal Mines of the Czech
Republic ................................................... 7
3 Environmental Impacts of Surface Coal and Mineral Mining
in the Slovak Republic .................................... 12
4 The Mining Lakes of Western Poland ........................ 19
4.1 Current Areas of Exploitation ........................ 19
4.2 Areas of Abandoned Exploitation ...................... 19
4.3 Hydrochemical Characteristics ........................ 20
4.4 Hydrobiological Characterization ..................... 21
5 Development of Lakes in Alberta, Canada ................... 22
5.1 Construction of the Lakes ............................ 26
5.2 Results of Lake Studies .............................. 29
5.3 Costs of Lake Developments ........................... 31
5.4 Management of the Lakes .............................. 32
6 Overview of Opencast Coal Mining and Reclamation in the
UK ........................................................ 32
Alternatives for the Reclamation of Surface Mined Lands
(Kennedy C.) ................................................... 37
1 Climate ................................................... 37
2 Soil Reconstruction ....................................... 38
3 Forestry .................................................. 42
4 Agriculture ............................................... 47
4.1 Pasture .............................................. 47
4.2 Cropland ............................................. 48
4.3 Rangeland ............................................ 50
5 Wildlife .................................................. 51
Mining Lakes: Generation, Loading and Water Quality Control
(Klapper H.) ................................................... 57
1 Hydrography and Geology in Relation to Water Quality ...... 57
2 Water Origin: Quantity and Quality of Ground and Surface
Waters .................................................... 61
3 Living Conditions in Mining Lakes ......................... 67
3.1 The Chemical Environment ............................. 67
3.2 Habitat for Plants and Animals ....................... 70
4 Succession of Water Quality ............................... 72
5 Sediments and their Role for the Abatement of
Acidification ............................................. 76
6 End Use/Costs ............................................. 80
7 Acid Mining Lakes ......................................... 83
7.1 Do you Need to Treat? ................................ 83
7.2 Methods of Curbing Acidity During Lake Formation ..... 85
7.3 In-situ Neutralization of Mining Lakes ............... 87
7.4 Ex-situ Treatment of Mining Lakes .................... 90
8 Eutrophication ............................................ 93
8.1 When to Treat? ....................................... 93
8.2 Prophylactic and Dietary Measures Against
Eutrophication During Lake Formation ................. 94
8.3 In-lake Measures Against Eutrophication .............. 97
9 Contamination ............................................. 99
9.1 Decision Criteria for Treatment ...................... 99
9.2 Approaches for In-situ Remediation and Ex-situ
Treatment of Contamination at Mining Lakes .......... 100
Development Prospects for the Post-Mining Landscape in
Central Germany
(Linke S., Schiffer L.) ....................................... 111
1 Introduction ............................................. 111
2 The Central German Coalfield ............................. 112
2.1 A Region in the Grip of Transformation .............. 112
2.2 Restoring the Water Balance ......................... 116
2.3 Potential Usage of Mine Lakes ....................... 121
2.4 Tourism - A New Economic and Integration Factor in
the Region .......................................... 123
2.4.1 The Ecological Dimension ..................... 124
2.4.2 The Economic Dimension ....................... 124
2.4.3 The Social Dimension ......................... 126
2.4.4 Facit ........................................ 127
3 Example: Leipzig's Southern Region ....................... 128
3.1 Changing Landscape and Structure - Key Development
Prospects ........................................... 128
3.2 The Remediation of Water Resources .................. 131
3.3 Usage Goals at Mine Lakes ........................... 133
3.4 Examples of Differentiated Usage of Mine Lakes for
Recreation and Tourism .............................. 137
4 Summary .................................................. 145
Now We Have a Future, People Can Also Speak of the Past -
Living Next to an Opencast Mine
(Kabisch S., Linke S.) ........................................ 150
1 Recalling Active Mining .................................. 150
2 Changes during Mine Recultivation ........................ 153
3 Expectations for the Mining Landscape .................... 156
4 Regional Problem Areas ................................... 158
5 Development Chances for Mining Communities - A Summary ... 159
Art Projects in Post Mining Landscapes: Visions Became
Reality
(Stottmeister U.) ............................................. 161
1 Example Project: FERROPOLIS .............................. 161
1.1 Historical Background ............................... 162
1.2 FERROPOLIS: Art Object, Venue and Leisure Centre .... 162
1.3 Technical Description of the Machines ............... 165
2 Example Project: Remodelled Landscape at Goitzsche
near Bitterfeld .......................................... 165
2.1 Historical Background ............................... 165
2.2 Remodelling of the Goitzsche Landscape .............. 166
2.3 Description of Individual Projects .................. 167
Acknowledgements .............................................. 170
List of Keywords .............................................. 171
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