List of Figures .............................................. viii
Approaches to the Study of Buddhist Stūpas:
An Introduction .............................................. xiii
Jason Hawkes and Akira Shimada
Section I
The 'Discovery' of Buddhist Stūpas in Colonial India
1. The Archaeology of Stūpas: Constructing Buddhist
Identity in the Colonial Period ............................. 3
Himanshu Prabha Ray
2. The Colonial History of Sculptures from the Amaravati
Stūpa ...................................................... 20
Jennifer Howes
Section II
The Stūpa and its Religious Meanings
3. Relics of the Buddha: Body, Essence, Text .................. 41
Michael Willis
4. The Power of Proximity: Creating and Venerating Shrines
in Indian Buddhist Narratives .............................. 51
Andy Rotman
5. Nature as Utopian Space on the Early Stūpas of India ....... 63
Robert L. Brown
Section III
The Stūpa in Context
6. Narrative Sequences in the Buddhist Reliefs from
Gandhāra ................................................... 83
Kurt Bebrendt
7. Shedding Skins: Nāga Imagery and Layers of Meaning in
South Asian Buddhist Contexts
Robert DeCaroli .......................................... 94
8. Stūpas, Monasteries, and Relics in the Landscape:
Typological, Spatial, and Temporal Patterns in the
Sanchi Area
Julia Shaw ................................................ 114
9. The Wider Archaeological Contexts of the Buddhist Stūpa
Site of Bharhut ........................................... 146
Jason Hawkes
Section IV
Wider Social, Political, and Economic Dimensions
10. Buddhist Ideology and the Commercial Ethos in Kuṣāṇa
India ..................................................... 177
Xinru Liu
11. The Urban Context of Early Buddhist Monuments in South
Asia ...................................................... 192
James Heitzman
12. Amaravati and Dhānyakaṭaka: Topology of Monastic Spaces
in Ancient Indian Cities .................................. 216
Akira Shimada
13. Stūpa, Story, and Empire: Constructions of the Buddha
Biography in Early Post-Aśokan India ...................... 235
Jonathan S. Walters
Section V
The Revival of a Tradition
14. Remembering the Amaravati Stūpa: The Revival of a Ruin .... 267
Catherine Becker
15. What Makes a Stūpa? Quotations, Fragments, and the
Reinvention of Buddhist Stūpas in Contemporary India ...... 288
Jinah Kim
Bibliography .................................................. 310
List of Contributors .......................................... 347
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