Contributors ................................................... ix
Preface ........................................................ xv
Robert Lanza
Foreword ..................................................... xvii
Professor Sir Martin Evans Nobel Laureate
Why Stem Cell Research ........................................ xix
Alan Trounson
A New Path: Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells .................... xxi
Shinya Yamanaka
"Sternness": Definitions, Criteria, and Standards ........... xxiii
Douglas A. Melton and Chad Cowen
Part I
Introduction to Stem Cells ...................................... 1
1 Pluripotential Stem Cells from Vertebrate Embryos: Present
Perspective and Future Challenges ............................ 3
Richard L. Gardner
2 Embryonic Stem Cells in Perspective ......................... 13
Janet Rossant
3 The Development of Epithelial Stem Cell Concepts ............ 17
Christopher S. Potten and J.W. Wilson
4 Direct Reprogramming of Somatic Cells to a Pluripotent
State ....................................................... 29
Dirk Hockemeyer, Frank Soldner, and Rudolf Jaenisch
5 Clinical Translation of Stem Cells .......................... 33
Olle Lindvall
Part II
Basic Biology/Mechanisms
6 Molecular Bases of Pluripotency ............................. 39
Fatima Cavaleri and Hans Schöler
7 Stem Cell Niches ............................................ 61
D. Leanne Jones and Margaret T. Fuller
8 Mechanisms of Stem Cell Self-renewal ........................ 73
Hitoshi Niwa
9 Cell Cycle Regulators in Adult Stem Cells ................... 81
Tao Cheng and David T. Scadden
10 Epigenetic Mechanisms of Cellular Memory During
Development ................................................. 89
Nathan Montgomery, Terry Magnuson, and Scott Bultman
11 Cell Fusion and the Differentiated State ................... 105
Penny Johnson and Peter W. Andrews
12 How Cells Change Their Phenotype ........................... 111
David Tosh and Marко Е. Horb
Part III
Tissue and Organ Development .................................. 117
13 Differentiation in Early Development ....................... 119
Susana M. Chuva de Sousa Lopes and Christine L. Mummery
14 Primordial Germ Cells in Mouse and Human ................... 131
Anne McLaren and Susana M. Chuva de Sousa Lopes
15 Stem Cells in Extraembryonic Lineages ...................... 137
Tilo Kunath and Janet Rossant
16 Amniotic Fluid-Derived Pluripotential Cells ................ 145
Anthony Atala
17 Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells ......... 151
Hal E. Broxmeyer
18 Neurogenesis in the Vertebrate Embryo ...................... 157
Chris Kintner and Naoko Koyano-Nakagawa
19 The Nervous System ........................................ 169
Lorenz Studer
20 Neuronal Progenitors in the Adult Brain: From
Development to Regulation .................................. 179
Christian Mirescu and Elizabeth Gould
21 Sensory Epithelium of the Eye and Ear: Update of Retinal
Stem Cell Research 2003 to the Present ..................... 185
Connie Cepko and Donna Fekete
22 Epithelial Hair Follicle Stem Cells ........................ 189
Tudorita Tumbar and Elaine Fuchs
23 The Ontogeny of the Hematopoietic System ................... 199
Malcolm A.S. Moore
24 Hematopoietic Stem Cells ................................... 211
George Q. Daley
25 Red Blood Cells ............................................ 217
Shi-Jiang Lu, Jennifer S. Park, Qiang Feng, and Robert
Lanza
26 Cell Differentiation in the Skeleton ....................... 223
Gerard Karsenty
27 Human Vascular Progenitor Cells ............................ 227
Ayelet Dar, Sharon Gerecht-Nir, and Joseph Itskovitz-
Eldor
28 Multipotent Adult Progenitor Cells ......................... 233
Catherine M. Verfaillie and Annelies Crabbe
29 Mesenchymal Stem Cells ..................................... 243
Arnold I. Caplan
30 Skeletal Muscle Stem Cells ................................. 249
Helen M. Blau, Alessandra Sacco and Penney M. Gilbert
31 Stem Cells and the Regenerating Heart ...................... 259
Maria Paola Santini, Bhawana Poudel, and Nadia Rosenthal
32 Potential of Embryonic and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell
Differentiation Culture for Vascular Biology ............... 265
Jun K. Yamashita, Satomi Nishikawa, and Shin-Ichi
Nishikawa
33 Cell Lineages and Stem Cells in the Embryonic Kidney ....... 273
Gregory R. Dressler
34 Adult Liver Stem Cells ..................................... 285
Markus Grompe
35 Pancreatic Stem Cells ...................................... 299
Yuval Dor and Douglas A. Melton
36 Stem Cells in the Gastrointestinal Tract ................... 307
Stuart A.C. McDonald, Trevor A. Graham, Adam Humphries,
Nicholas A. Wright, Sean L. Preston, Mairi Brittan, and
Natalie С. Direkze
Part IV
Methods ....................................................... 329
37 Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Derivation ................... 331
Junying Yu and James A. Thomson
38 Characteristics and Characterization of Human Pluripotent
Stem Cells ................................................. 339
Anne G. Bang and Melissa K. Carpenter
39 Isolation and Maintenance of Murine Embryonic Stem Cells ... 345
Martin Evans
40 Isolation, Characterization and Maintenance of Primate
Embryonic Stem Cells ....................................... 351
Michal Amit and Joseph Itskovitz-Eldor
41 Approaches for Derivation and Maintenance of Human
Embryonic Stem Cells: Detailed Procedures and
Alternatives ............................................... 365
Irina Klimanskaya and Jill McMahon
42 Derivation and Differentiation of Human Embryonic Germ
Cells ...................................................... 381
Michael J. Shamblott, Candace L. Kerr, Joyce Axelman,
John W. Littlefield, Gregory O. Clark, Ethan
S. Patterson, Russell C. Addis, Jennifer N. Kraszewski,
Kathleen C. Kent, and John D. Gearhart
43 Growth Factors and the Serum-free Culture of Human
Pluripotent Stem Cells ..................................... 391
Alice Pébay and Martin F. Pera
44 Feeder-free Culture ........................................ 397
Holly Young, Tom Schulz, and Melissa K. Carpenter
45 Genetic Manipulation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells ......... 409
Yoav Mayshar and Nissim Benvenisty
46 Homologous Recombination in Human Embryonic Stem Cells ..... 417
Thomas P. Zwaka and James A. Thomson
47 Surface Antigen Markers .................................... 423
Jonathan S. Draper and Peter W. Andrews
48 Lineage Marking ............................................ 429
Andras Nagy
49 Genomic Reprogramming ...................................... 437
M. Azim Surani
50 Isolation and Characterization of Hematopoietic Stem
Cells ...................................................... 443
Gerald J. Spangrude and William B. Slayton
51 Microarray Analysis of Stem Cells and Differentiation ...... 449
Howard Y. Chang and Xin Chen
52 Zebrafish and Stem Cell Research ........................... 459
Emily K. Pugach, K. Rose Finley, and Leonard I. Zon
Part V
Applications .................................................. 467
53 Cancer Stem Cells .......................................... 469
Michael Rothenberg and Michael F. Clarke
54 Neural Stem Cells for Central
Nervous System Repair ...................................... 485
Rodolfo Gonzalez, Jean Pyo Lee, and Evan Y. Snyder
55 Spinal Cord Injury ......................................... 497
John W. McDonald and Daniel Becker
56 Use of Embryonic Stem Cells to Treat Heart Disease ......... 507
Michael Rubart and Loren J. Field
57 Insulin-producing Cells Derived from Stem Cells:
A Potential Treatment for Diabetes ......................... 513
Susan Bonner-Weir and Gordon С. Weir
58 Burns and Skin Ulcers ...................................... 523
Edward Upjohn, George Varigos, and Pritinder Kaur
59 Stem Cells and Heart Disease ............................... 529
Annarosa Leri, Piero Anversa, and Jan Kajstura
60 Stem Cells for the Treatment of Muscular Dystrophy:
Therapeutic Perspectives ................................... 543
Maurilio Sampaolesi and Giulio Cossu
61 Regeneration of Epidermis from Adult Keratinocyte Stem
Cells ...................................................... 551
Ariane Rochat and Yann Barrandon
62 Orthopedic Applications of Stem Cells ...................... 561
Jerry I. Huang and Victor M. Goldberg
63 Embryonic Stem Cells in Tissue Engineering ................. 571
Shulamit Levenberg, Ali Khademhosseini, and Robert Langer
64 Postnatal Stem Cells in Tissue Engineering ................. 583
Pamela Gehron Robey and Paolo Bianco
65 Stem Cell Gene Therapy ..................................... 591
Brian R. Davis and Nicole L. Prokopishyn
Part VI
Regulation and Ethics ......................................... 599
66 Ethical Considerations .................................... 601
Ronald M. Green
67 Stem Cell Research: Religious Considerations ............... 609
Margaret A. Farley
68 Stem Cell-based Therapies: Food and Drug Administration
Product and Pre-Clinical Regulatory Considerations ......... 619
Donald W. Fink and Steven R. Bauer
69 It's Not About Curiosity, It's About Cures: People Help
Drive Progress ............................................. 631
Mary Tyler Moore with S. Robert Levine
Index ......................................................... 637
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