Foreword ....................................................... xi
Preface ...................................................... xiii
Acknowledgments ................................................ xv
1 Introduction ................................................. 1
Analysis of Herbal Drugs ..................................... 1
What Is Chromatography? ...................................... 6
What Is TLC? ................................................ 11
Modern TLC .................................................. 19
2 Theoretical Concepts ........................................ 22
General Chromatographic Principles .......................... 22
Special Aspects of TLC ...................................... 33
The Stationary Phase ........................................ 42
The Mobile Phase ............................................ 48
The Chromatographic Result in TLC ........................... 55
Densitometry ................................................ 61
3 Practical Aspects of Modern TLC ............................. 67
Sample Preparation .......................................... 68
Selecting the Stationary Phase .............................. 73
Sample Application .......................................... 92
Chromatogram Development .................................... 97
Derivatization ............................................. 110
Visualization and Documentation of the Chromatogram ........ 114
Densitometry ............................................... 116
Reporting and Record Keeping ............................... 121
TLC Software ............................................... 125
Standardization ............................................ 125
Practical Recommendations .................................. 127
4 Typical Applications in Herbal Analysis .................... 129
Why HPTLC? ................................................. 129
HPTLC Analysis of Raw Material ............................. 132
HPTLC Analysis of Herbal Drug Preparations and Products .... 160
5 Method Development ......................................... 175
Theoretical Aspects ........................................ 175
Method Development in Practice ............................. 179
6 Validation ................................................. 193
General Information ........................................ 193
Validation of Qualitative HPTLC Methods .................... 206
Validation of Quantitative HTPLC Methods ................... 210
The Final Word ............................................. 214
List of Abbreviations ......................................... 215
Glossary of TLC Terms ......................................... 218
Appendixes
A Definitions .............................................. 224
В Standard Operating Procedure for HPTLC of Herbal Raw
Materials and Preparations ............................... 227
С Resources ................................................ 231
D Common Mobile Phases for the Screening of Unknown
Herbal Drugs ............................................. 233
E Most Common Nonspecific Derivation Reagents for
Analysis of Herbal Drugs ................................. 234
F Worksheet ................................................ 238
G Validation of Method for Identification of Eleuthero by
HPTLC Fingerprint ........................................ 240
Index ......................................................... 259
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