Preface page ................................................... ix
List of Contributors ........................................... xi
Abbreviations .................................................. xv
Introduction: Basic Aspects of Fluorine in Chemistry and
Biology ......................................................... 1
1 Unique Properties of Fluorine and Their Relevance to
Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology ..................... 3
Takashi Yamazaki, Takeo Taguchi, and Iwao Ojima
Medicinal Chemistry ............................................ 47
2 Fluorinated Prostanoids: Development of Tafluprost, a New
Anti-glaucoma Agent ......................................... 49
Yasushi Matsumura
3 Fluorinated Conformationally Restricted Glutamate
Analogues for CNS Drug Discovery and Development ............ 67
Atsuro Nakazato
4 Fluorinated Inhibitors of Matrix Metalloproteinases ......... 99
Roberta Sinisi, Monika Jagodzinska, Gabriele Candiani,
Florent Huguenot, Monica Sani, Alessandro Volonterio,
Rajfaella Maffezzoni, and Matteo Zanda
5 Fluoro-Taxoid Anticancer Agents ............................ 117
Antonella Pepe, Larisa Kuznetsova, Liang Sun, and Iwao
Ojima
6 Antimalarial Fluoroartemisinins: Increased Metabolic
and Chemical Stability ..................................... 141
Jean-Pierre Bégué and Danièle Bonnet-Delpon
7 Synthesis and Biological Activity of Fluorinated
Nucleosides ................................................ 165
Tokumi Maruyama, Masahiro Ikejiri, Kunisuke Izawa, and
Tomoyuki Onishi
Synthetic Methods for Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical
Biology ....................................................... 199
8 Synthesis of gem-Difluoromethylenated Nucleosides via
gem-Difluoromethylene-containing Building Blocks ........... 201
Wei-Dong Meng and Feng-Ling Qing
9 Recent Advances in the Syntheses of Fluorinated Amino
Acids ...................................................... 213
Kenji Uneyama
10 Fluorinated Moieties for Replacement of Amide and Peptide
Bonds ...................................................... 257
Takeo Taguchi and Hikaru Yanai
11 Perfluorinated Heteroaromatic Systems as Scaffolds for
Drug Discovery ............................................. 291
David Armstrong, Matthew W. Cartwright, Emma L. Parks,
Graham Pattison, Graham Sandford, Rachel Slater, Ian
Wilson John A. Christopher, David D. Miller, Paul W.
Smith, and Antonio Wong
12 gem-Difiuorocyclopropanes as Key Building Blocks for
Novel Biologically Active Molecules ........................ 313
Toshiyuki Itoh
13 Fluorous Mixture Synthesis (FMS) of Drug-like Molecules
and Enantiomers, Stereoisomers, and Analogues of Natural
Products ................................................... 335
Wei Zhang
14 Fluorine-18 Radiopharmaceuticals ........................... 361
Michael R. Kilbourn and Xia Shao
Applications of Fluorinated Amino Acids and Peptides to
Chemical Biology and Pharmacology ............................. 389
15 Application of Artificial Model Systems to Study the
Interactions of Fluorinated Amino Acids within the Native
Environment of Coiled Coil Proteins ........................ 391
Mario Salwiczek, Toni Vagt, and Beate Koksch
16 Fluorinated Amino Acids and Biomolecules in Protein
Design and Chemical Biology ................................ 411
He Meng, Ginevra A. Clark, and Krishna Kumar
17 Effects of Fluorination on the Bioorganic Properties of
Methionine ................................................. 447
John F. Honek
18 Structure Analysis of Membrane-Active Peptides Using
19F-labeled Amino Acids and Solid-State NMR ................ 463
Parvesh Wadhwani and Erik Strandberg
19 Study of Metabolism of Fluorine-containing Drugs Using
In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy .................... 495
Erika Schneider and Roger Lin
Appendix ...................................................... 525
Approved Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Containing
Fluorine ...................................................... 525
Elizabeth Pollina Cormier, Manisha Das, and Iwao Ojima
Section 1. Fluorine-containing Drugs for Human Use Approved
by FDA in the United States ........................ 527
Section 2. Fluorine-containing Drugs for Veterinary Use
Approved by FDA in the United States ............... 585
Index ......................................................... 605
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