Preface to second edition ..................................... vii
PART 1 THE FOUNDATIONS OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS .................... 1
1 Basins in their plate tectonic environment ................... 3
Summary ...................................................... 3
1.1 Compositional zonation of the Earth ..................... 4
1.2 Rheological zonation of the Earth ....................... 7
1.3 Plate motion ............................................ 8
1.4 Classification schemes of sedimentary basins ........... 12
2 The physical state of the lithosphere ....................... 20
Summary ..................................................... 20
2.1 Stress and strain ...................................... 21
2.2 Heat flow: conduction and convection ................... 31
2.3 Gravity and isostasy ................................... 45
2.4 Rock rheology .......................................... 51
PART 2 THE MECHANICS OF SEDIMENTARY BASIN FORMATION ............ 61
3 Basins due to Iithospheric stretching ....................... 63
Summary ..................................................... 63
3.1 Introduction to rifts, failed rifts, and passive
continental margins .................................... 64
3.2 Geological and geophysical observations in regions of
continental extension .................................. 65
3.3 Introduction to models of continental extension ........ 73
3.4 Uniform stretching of the continental lithosphere ...... 77
3.5 Modifications to the uniform stretching model .......... 85
3.6 A dynamic approach to Iithospheric extension ........... 97
3.7 Mantle plumes and igneous activity associated with
continental extension ................................. 106
3.8 Estimation of the stretch factor and strain rate
history ............................................... 112
4 Basins due to flexure ...................................... 116
Summary .................................................... 116
4.1 Basic observations in regions of Iithospheric
flexure ............................................... 119
4.2 Flexure of the lithosphere: geometry of the
deflection ............................................ 124
4.3 Flexural rigidity of the oceanic and continental
lithosphere ........................................... 130
4.4 Lithosphcric buckling ................................. 139
4.5 The dynamics of orogenic wedges ....................... 144
4.6 The modeling of foreland basins ....................... 155
5 Effects of mantle dynamics ................................. 167
Summary .................................................... 167
5.1 Fundamentals and observations ......................... 168
5.2 Dynamic topography .................................... 175
6 Basins associated with strike-slip deformation summary .....
6.1 Overview .............................................. 191
6.2 The structural pattern of strike—slip fault systems ... 201
6.3 Basins in strike-slip zones ........................... 207
PART 3 THE SEDIMENTARY BASIN-FILL ............................. 219
7 The sediment routing system ................................ 221
Summary .................................................... 221
7.1 Introduction .......................................... 222
7.2 Weathering ............................................ 222
7.3 Terrestrial sediment and solute yields ................ 227
7.4 Measurements of erosion rates ......................... 241
7.5 The functioning of sediment routing systems ........... 245
8 Basin stratigraphy ......................................... 266
Summary .................................................... 266
8.1 A primer on process stratigraphy ...................... 268
8.2 Stratigraphic cycles: definition and recognition ...... 275
8.3 Driving mechanisms for stratigraphic patterns ......... 286
8.4 Numerical simulation of stratigraphy .................. 306
8.5 Depositional systems .................................. 311
8.6 Relation of depositional style to basin setting ....... 327
9 Subsidence and thermal history ............................. 349
Summary .................................................... 349
9.1 Introduction to geohistory analysis ................... 351
9.2 Porosity loss during basin subsidence ................. 351
9.3 Subsidence history and backstripping .................. 359
9.4 Introduction to thermal history ....................... 366
9.5 Theory: the Arrhenius equation and maturation
indices ............................................... 367
9.6 Factors influencing temperatures and
palacotemperatures in sedimentary basins .............. 368
9.7 Measurements of thermal maturity in sedimentary
basins ................................................ 378
9.8 Application of thermal maturity measurements .......... 391
9.9 Geothermal and paleogeothermal signatures of basin
types ................................................. 395
PART 4 APPLICATION TO PETROLEUM PLAY ASSESSMENT ............... 403
10 The petroleum play ......................................... 405
Summary .................................................... 405
10.1 From basin analysis to play concept ................... 406
10.2 The petroleum system and play concept ................. 407
10.3 The petroleum charge system ........................... 414
10.4 The reservoir ......................................... 452
10.5 The regional topseal .................................. 467
10.6 The trap .............................................. 474
References .................................................... 495
Index ......................................................... 532
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