Millero J. The physical chemistry of natural waters. - New York; Chichester: Wiley-Interscience, 2001. - xix, 654 p.: ill. - (Wiley-Interscience series in geochemistry). - Auth. ind.: p.633-642. - Sub. ind.: p.643-654. - ISBN 0-471-36278-6  Место хранения:   040 | Институт биофизики СО РАН | Красноярск | Библиотека

Оглавление / Contents

Symbols, Physical Constants, and Conversion Factors ............ ix Introduction ................................................. xvii 1. Basic Thermodynamic Concepts ................................. 1 A. The First Law of Thermodynamics ........................... 7 B. The Second Law of Thermodynamics-Entropy ................. 20 С. The Relationship Between Entropy and Other State Functions ................................................ 27 D. Free Energy Functions and Equilibrium Calculations ....... 31 E. The Thermodynamics of Solutions .......................... 42 F. Activity and Activity Coefficients ....................... 59 G. Nonelectrolyte Solutions ................................. 63 H. Strong Electrolytes ...................................... 69 I. Thermodynamics of Electrolyte Solutions .................. 79 2. Basic Kinetic Concepts ...................................... 86 A. Transport Properties ..................................... 86 B. Rate Processes in Solutions ............................. 108 3. Ionic Interactions ......................................... 142 A. Water, the Unique Solvent ............................... 142 B. Ion-Water Interactions .................................. 149 С. Ion-Ion Interactions .................................... 163 D. Excess Properties of Mixing Electrolyte Solutions ....... 194 E. Non-Coulombic Treatments ................................ 212 F. Activity Coefficients of Nonelectrolytes in Salt Solution ................................................ 215 4. Physical Chemical Properties of Natural Waters ............. 243 A. Introduction ............................................ 243 B. The Composition and Stoichiometry of Seawater ........... 249 C. The Equation of State of Seawater ....................... 254 D. Effect of Changes in the Composition of Seawater of the Density-Salinity Relationship ....................... 270 E. The PVT Properties of Lakes, Rivers, and Estuaries ...... 274 F. The Thermochemical Properties of Seawater ............... 277 G. Other Physical Properties of Seawater ................... 300 5. Chemical Equilibria in Natural Waters ...................... 315 A. Solubility of Gases ..................................... 316 B. Dissociation of Acids ................................... 323 C. Solid-Liquid Equilibria ................................. 347 D. Formation of Metal Ion Pairs in Water ................... 360 E. Effects of Pressure and Temperature on Ionic Equilibria .............................................. 366 F. Helgeson Equations for Partial Molal Properties ......... 386 6. Estimation of the Thermodynamic Properties of Natural Waters ..................................................... 413 A. Estimation of the Physical Properties of Natural Waters .................................................. 413 B. Estimation of the Activity Coefficients in Natural Waters .................................................. 429 C. Estimation of the Partial Molal Properties in Mixed Electrolytes ............................................ 496 7. The Kinetics of Oxidation and Reduction of Metals in Natural Waters ............................................. 515 A. Oxidation of Cu(I) with 02 .............................. 516 B. Oxidation of Cu(I) with H2O2 ............................ 523 С. Comparisons of the Rates of Oxidation of Cu(I) with 02 and H202 ............................................. 528 D. Rates of Reduction of Cu(II) with H202 .................. 530 E. Oxidation of Fe(II) with O2 ............................. 540 F. Oxidation of Fe(II) with H2O2 ........................... 546 G. Comparisons of the Rates of Oxidation of Fe(II) with 02 and H2O2 ............................................. 550 H. Reduction of Fe(III) with Sulfite ....................... 552 I. Oxidation of Cr(III) with H2O2 .......................... 558 J. Reduction of Cr(VI) with Fe(II) ......................... 562 K. Reactions of Metals with Superoxide ..................... 571 8. The Oxidation of Hydrogen Sulfide in Natural Waters ........ 582 A. Oxidation of H2S with 02 ................................ 585 B. Effect of Metals on the Oxidation of H2S ................ 590 С. Products from the Oxidation of H2S ...................... 593 D. Oxidation of H2SO3 with O2 .............................. 595 E. Kinetic Model for the Oxidation of H2S with 02 .......... 598 F. Oxidation of H2S in Anoxic Environments ................. 602 G. Oxidation of H2S by H202 ................................ 606 H. Oxidation of H2S with Fe and Mn Oxides .................. 612 Author Index .................................................. 633 Subject Index ................................................. 643