Introduction .................................................... 7
Geological description of the studied area ...................... 9
Lower Miocene ................................................ 9
Ottnangian .................................................. 10
Karpatian ................................................... 11
Badenian .................................................... 11
Lower Badenian ........................................... 11
Middle Badenian .......................................... 13
Upper Badenian ........................................... 13
Sarmatian ................................................... 17
Evaluation of the studied faunas from the Bakony Mts ........... 21
Palaeogeographic implications ............................... 21
Geological age and stratigraphy ............................. 22
Palaeoecological, salinity and facies questions ............. 23
Climatic condition .......................................... 25
Systematic descriptions ........................................ 27
Classis GASTROPODA .......................................... 28
Familia NERITIDAE ........................................ 28
Genus Theodoxus ....................................... 28
Familia CYCLOPHORIDAE .................................... 30
Genus Palaina ......................................... 30
Genus Cochlostoma ..................................... 31
Familia VIVIPARIDAE ...................................... 31
Genus Viviparus ....................................... 31
Familia VALVATIDAE ....................................... 31
Genus Valvata ......................................... 31
Familia POMATIASIDAE ..................................... 33
Genus Pomatias ........................................ 33
Familia HYDROBIIDAE ...................................... 33
Genus Nematurella ..................................... 34
Genus Sellia .......................................... 35
Genus Microprososthenia ............................... 36
Genus Martinietta ..................................... 36
Genus Bythinella ...................................... 36
Genus Pseudamnicola ................................... 36
Genus Amnicola ........................................ 38
Genus Bithynia ........................................ 38
Genus Ferebithynia .................................... 39
Genus Schuettemmericia ................................ 40
Genus Stalioa ......................................... 41
Genus Staliopsis ...................................... 42
Familia TRUNCATELLIDAE ................................... 42
Genus Sandbergerina ................................... 42
Genus Staadtiellopsis ................................. 43
Genus Emmericia ....................................... 44
Familia ACICULIDAE ....................................... 44
Genus Platyla ......................................... 44
Familia MELANIIDAE ....................................... 45
Genus Brotia .......................................... 45
Genus Melanoides ...................................... 46
Familia MELANOPSIDAE ..................................... 46
Genus Melanopsis ...................................... 46
Familia ELLOBIIDAE ....................................... 47
Genus Carychium ....................................... 47
Genus Laemodonta ...................................... 49
Genus Melampus ........................................ 49
Genus Pedipes ......................................... 49
Genus Stolidoma ....................................... 49
Genus Auriculastra .................................... 49
Familia LIMNAEIDAE ....................................... 50
Genus Galba ........................................... 50
Genus Stagnicola ...................................... 50
Genus Radix ........................................... 52
Genus Lymnaea ......................................... 53
Genus Aplexa .......................................... 53
Familia PLANORBIDAE ...................................... 53
Genus Anisus .......................................... 53
Genus Gyraulus ........................................ 54
Genus Hippeutis ....................................... 58
Genus Segmentina ...................................... 58
Genus Planorbarius ................................... 58
Familia FERRISSIIDAE ..................................... 59
Genus Ferrissia ...................................... 69
Familia ANCYLIDAE ........................................ 60
Genus Ancylus ......................................... 60
Familia ACROLOXIDAE ...................................... 60
Genus Pseudancylastrum ................................ 60
Familia COCHLICOPIDAE .................................... 61
Genus Azeca ........................................... 61
Genus Cochlicopa ...................................... 61
Familia VERTIGINIDAE ..................................... 61
Genus Negulus ......................................... 61
Genus Acmopupa ........................................ 62
Genus Vertigo ......................................... 62
Familia CHONGRINIDAE ..................................... 65
Genus Gastrocopta ..................................... 65
Familia PUPILLIDAE ....................................... 67
Genus Pupilla ......................................... 67
Genus Leiostyla ....................................... 67
Genus Argna ........................................... 67
Genus Enneopupa ....................................... 69
Genus Paracoryna ...................................... 69
Familia VALLONIIDAE ...................................... 70
Genus Vallonia ........................................ 70
Genus Acanthinula ..................................... 70
Genus Spermodea ....................................... 70
Genus Planogyra ....................................... 71
Genus Strobilops ...................................... 71
Familia ENIDAE ........................................... 73
Genus Mastus .......................................... 73
Genus Ena ............................................. 73
Genus Napaeus ......................................... 73
Familia SUCCINIDAE ....................................... 74
Genus Succinea ........................................ 74
Familia ENDODONTIDAE ..................................... 74
Genus Helicodiscus .................................... 74
Genus Discus .......................................... 74
Familia VITRINIDAE ....................................... 75
Genus Semilimax ....................................... 75
Familia ZONITIDAE ........................................ 75
Genus Vitrea .......................................... 75
Genus Nesovitrea ...................................... 76
Genus Aegopis ......................................... 76
Genus Retinella ....................................... 77
Genus Aegopinella ..................................... 77
Genus Oxychilus ....................................... 78
Genus Daudebardia ..................................... 78
Genus Zonitoides ...................................... 78
Genus Janulus ......................................... 78
Familia LIMACIDAE ........................................ 79
Genus Limax ........................................... 79
Familia MILACIDAE ........................................ 79
Genus Milax ........................................... 79
Familia ARIONIDAE ........................................ 80
Genus Arion ........................................... 80
Familia SUBULINIDAE ...................................... 80
Genus Fortuna ......................................... 80
Genus Opeas ........................................... 80
Familia CLAUSILIIDAE ..................................... 81
Genus Triptychia ...................................... 81
Genus Serrulastra ..................................... 82
Genus Nordsieckia ..................................... 82
Genus Cochlodina ...................................... 82
Genus Canalicia ....................................... 83
Genus Pseudidyla ...................................... 83
Genus Mactrogastra .................................... 84
Genus Clausilia ....................................... 84
Familia OLEACINIDAE ...................................... 85
Genus Pseudoleacina ................................... 85
Genus Palaeoglandina .................................. 85
Genus Poiretia ........................................ 86
Familia HELICIDAE ........................................ 86
Genus Perforatella .................................... 86
Genus Caracollina ..................................... 87
Genus Canariella ...................................... 87
Genus Galactochilus ................................... 88
Genus Tropidomphalus .................................. 89
Genus Helicigona ...................................... 90
Genus Klikia .......................................... 91
Genus Cepaea .......................................... 93
Classis BIVALVIA ............................................ 94
Familia DREISSENIDAE ..................................... 94
Genus Dreissena ....................................... 94
Genus Congeria ........................................ 94
Familia MARGARITIFERIDAE ................................. 95
Genus Margaritifera ................................... 95
Familia UNIONIDAE ........................................ 95
Genus Unio ............................................ 95
Familia SPHERIIDAE ....................................... 97
Genus Spherium ........................................ 97
Genus Pisidium ........................................ 97
References .................................................... 101
Plates ........................................................ 107
Appendix: Inventory of nonmarine Miocene molluscs from
the Bakony Mts ...................................... 191
|