Portable and emergency energy sources (Sofia, 2006). - ОГЛАВЛЕНИЕ / CONTENTS
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ОбложкаPortable and emergency energy sources / ed. by Stoynov Z., Vladikova D. - Sofia: prof. Marin Drinov Publishing House, 2006. - 503 p. - ISBN 954-322-233-2
 

Оглавление / Contents
 
Preface ......................................................... v


Li-ION BATTERIES
The Layered LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 Positive Electrode Material for Li-ion Battery Asharaf Abdel-Ghany, Karim Zaghib, Christian M. Julien ..... 1 1. Introduction ................................................. 1 2. Structural Considerations .................................... 3 3. Synthesis of LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 Oxides ............................. 7 4. Electronic Properties ....................................... 11 5. Lattice Dynamics ............................................ 18 6. Electrochemical Properties .................................. 24 7. Concluding Remarks .......................................... 31 References .................................................. 33 Structure of Electrode Materials for Li-ion Batteries: the Raman Spectroscopy Investigations Christian M. Julien, Michel Massot, Chintalapalle V. Ramana ................................... 37 1. Introduction ................................................ 37 2. The Raman Scattering Process ................................ 38 3. Raman Features of Manganese Oxides .......................... 47 4. Raman Features of Rock-salt Oxides .......................... 57 5. Raman Features of Lithium-based Phosphates .................. 61 6. Concluding Remarks .......................................... 67 References .................................................. 69 Magnetic Properties of Lithium Intercalation Compounds Christian M. Julien, Atmane Ait Salah, Alain Manger, Francois Gendron .......................................... 71 1. Introduction ................................................ 71 2. Experimental ................................................ 73 3. Magnetic Properties of Solid State Materials ................ 74 4. Magnetic Properties of Layered Oxides ....................... 77 5. Magnetic Properties of Spinels .............................. 86 6. Magnetic Properties of Li-phosphates ........................ 91 7. Conclusions ................................................. 97 References .................................................. 98 Solid Electrolyte Interphase Formation in Rechargeable Li Batteries - I. General Considerations Martin Winter, Kai-C. Möller, Jörgen O. Besenhard ........ 101 1. Introduction ............................................... 101 2. Metallic Li Anodes in Rechargeable Lithium Batteries ....... 103 3. Carbon Replaces Metallic Li in Rechargeable Lithium Batteries .................................................. 105 4. SEI Formation on Graphite is a Special Case ................ 106 5. SEI Formation on Lithium Storage Metals and Alloys ......... 108 6. Other Requirements on the Electrolyte and Impacts on the SEI ........................................................ 111 References ................................................. 114 Solid Electrolyte Interphase Formation in Rechargeable Li Batteries - II. SEI Forming Electrolyte Components and Additives Martin Winter, Kai-C. Möller, Jörgen O. Besenhard ........ 117 1. Introduction ............................................... 117 2. Electrolyte Additives ...................................... 118 3. Electrolyte Additives and Lithium Storage Metals and Alloys ..................................................... 127 References ................................................. 131 Highly Efficient Lithium Batteries Branimir I. Banov, Anton A. Momchilov .................... 135 1. Introduction ............................................... 136 2. Electrode Components - General Assumptions ................. 139 3. Manganese Dioxide Spinel ................................... 141 4. Overlithiated Manganese Dioxide Spinels .................... 143 5. Manganese Dioxide Spinel LiMexMn2xO4 (0.01<x<0.20) Modified with Foreign Ions (Me = Mg, Al) ................... 146 6. Manganese Dioxide Spinel (MgO)xLiMn2O4(0.01<x<0.10) Coated with Electrochemically Inactive MeO (Me = Mg, Zn) ... 151 7. Physicochemical Properties ................................. 156 References ................................................. 161 Three Volts Vanadates - an Alternative of Four Volts Li Battery Cathode Materials Anton A. Momchilov, Branimir I. Banov .................... 165 1. Introduction ............................................... 166 2. Vanadium Bronzes ........................................... 166 References ................................................. 176
METAL HYDRIDE BATTERIES AND HYDROGEN STORAGE
Metal Hydride Electrodes for Battery Applications Stoyan T. Bliznakov, Alexander К. Popov, Prokopi P. Andreev ....................................... 111 1. MH Based Batteries-Current State and Future Trends ......... 178 2. Electrochemistry of MH Based Batteries ..................... 180 3. Intermetallic Compounds as Materials for Negative Electrodes in MH Batteries ................................. 183 4. Preparation of MH Electrodes ............................... 210 5. Conclusions ................................................ 211 References ................................................. 212 Hydrogen Storage in Metal Hydrides Tony Spassov ............................................. 217 1. Introduction ............................................... 218 2. Hydriding Metals and Alloys ................................ 218 3. Review of Alloys and Composites for Hydrogen Storage ....... 222 4. Nanostructured Magnesium Alloys and Composites for Hydrogen Storage ........................................... 225 References ................................................. 253
SOLID STATE IN BATTERIES
Lithium Phosphate Based Glasses as Electrolytes for Li-ion Batteries Isaac Abrahams, Emina Hadzifejzovic ...................... 257 1. Introduction to the Chemistry of Vitreous Phosphates ....... 257 2. Solid State NMR Studies of Phosphate Glasses ............... 265 3. Ionic Conductivity in Phosphate Glasses .................... 270 4. Phosphate Based Li-ion Conducting Electrolyte Glasses ...... 273 5. Conclusions ................................................ 279 References ................................................. 279 Portable Batteries - Progress in the Market and Materials Research Tamara H. Petkova ........................................ 283 1. Present State of the Portable Solid State Batteries Market ..................................................... 284 2. Trends in the Batteries Market Development ................. 285 3. Review of Electrolyte Materials by Battery Type ............ 286 4. Structural Study of Chalcogenide Glass ..................... 295 5. Concluding Remarks ......................................... 297 References ................................................. 298
METAL AIR BATTERIES
Metal-air Cells: Research and Development Anastassia R. Kaisheva ................................... 301 1. Introduction ............................................... 301 2. Air Gas-diffusion Electrode ................................ 302 3. Zinc-air Cells ............................................. 321 4. Magnesium-air Cells ........................................ 324 References ................................................. 328
SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS
Recent Developments and New Perspectives in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Materials Antonio Barbucci, Paolo Piccardo, Maria Paola Carpanese, Massimo Viviani .......................................... 329 1. Introduction ............................................... 330 2. Basic Features of SOFC ..................................... 331 3. Advanced Materials for Cells and Stacks .................... 333 4. Future Trends .............................................. 347 5. Concluding Remarks ......................................... 355 References ................................................. 357 Interconnect Materials for Application in Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Kazimierz Przybylski ..................................... 361 1. Introduction ............................................... 362 2. Experimental Procedure ..................................... 364 3. Results and Discussion ..................................... 366 4. Summary .................................................... 379 References ................................................. 381
ENERGY SOURCES TESTING AND INVESTIGATION
Inductance Errors Correction in Impedance Studies of Energy Sources Daria E. Vladikova, Zdravko В. Stoynov, Gergana S. Raikova ....................................... 383 1. Introduction ............................................... 383 2. Analysis of the Inductance Errors .......................... 385 3. Calibration and Inductance Errors Correction ............... 399 4. Conclusions ................................................ 406 References ................................................. 409 Non-stationary Differential Impedance Spectroscopy in Energy Systems Zdravko B. Stoynov, Daria E. Vladikova ................... 411 1. Introduction ............................................... 412 2. Non-stationary Differential Impedance Spectroscopy ......... 414 3. NODIS Applications ......................................... 425 References ................................................. 434 Differential Coulometry Spectroscopy Zdravko В. Stoynov, Daria E. Vladikova ................... 437 1. Introduction ............................................... 437 2. Principle of the Differential Coulometry Spectroscopy ...... 438 3. Experimental ............................................... 442 4. Discussion ................................................. 448 References ................................................. 449 Batteries Test and Management Instrumentation Prokopi P. Andreev ....................................... 451 1. The Potentiostatic Control System .......................... 452 2. Battery Test Equipment ..................................... 464 3. Intelligent Chargers and Clever Fuel Gauges ................ 474 4. The Smart Battery Concept .................................. 483 5. Conclusions ................................................ 497 References ................................................. 499 Author index .................................................. 505


 
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