1. General Introduction ......................................... 1
1.1. The Relationship between the Eyes and the Viscera ....... 1
1.2. Diagnostic Essentials 8
1.2.1. Diagnostic Methods in Ophthalmology .............. 8
1.2.2. Common Syndrome-differentiating Methods in
Ophthalmology ................................... 19
1.3. Introduction to the Treatment .......................... 24
1.3.1. Internal Therapies .............................. 24
1.3.2. External Therapies .............................. 32
1.3.3. Common Oral Drugs in Ophthalmology .............. 37
2. Discussion of Specific Diseases ............................. 50
2.1. Eyelid Disorders ....................................... 50
2.1.1. Hordeolum ....................................... 50
2.1.2. Blepharitis ..................................... 56
2.1.3. Trachoma ........................................ 63
2.2. Diseases of Canthi ..................................... 71
2.2.1. Epiphora ........................................ 71
2.2.2. Acute Dacryocystitis ............................ 76
2.3. Disorders of Bulbar Conjunctiva ........................ 82
2.3.1. Acute Catarrhal Conjunctivitis .................. 82
2.3.2. Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis ................... 89
2.3.3. Spring Conjunctivitis ........................... 95
2.3.4. Phlyctenular Conjunctivitis .................... 101
2.3.5. Episcleritis ................................... 106
2.4. Diseases of Cornea .................................... 111
2.4.1. Bacterial Corneal Ulcer ........................ 111
2.4.2. Herpes Simplex Keratitis ....................... 119
2.5. Diseases of Pupil ..................................... 128
2.5.1. Iridocyclitis .................................. 128
2.5.2. Acute Angle-closure Glaucoma ................... 135
2.5.1. Primary Open-angle Glaucoma .................... 142
2.5.4. Senile Cataract ................................ 148
2.5.5 .Obstruction of Retinal Artery .................. 159
2.5.6. Retinal Vein Obstruction ....................... 163
2.5.7. Central Serous Chorioretinopathy ............... 169
2.5.8. Pigmentary Degeneration of Retina .............. 175
2.5.9. Senile Macular Degeneration .................... 180
2.5.10. Optic Neuritis ................................ 184
2.5.11. Optic Atrophy ................................. 190
Postscript .................................................... 201
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