1. Introduction ................................................. 1
1.1 Objectives and scope ..................................... 1
1.2 Sources .................................................. 2
1.3 Report structure ......................................... 3
1.4 Acknowledgements ......................................... 4
2. Establishment: 1957-72 ....................................... 5
2.1 The Kiruna Geophysical Observatory ....................... 5
2.2 The Swedish Space Research Committee and ESRO
membership ............................................... 6
2.3 The emerging national programme and the establishment
of Esrange ............................................... 9
2.4 Funding difficulties .................................... 11
2.5 Interim activities ...................................... 12
2.6 Reorganisation .......................................... 14
3. Professionalisation: 1972-1989 .............................. 17
3.1 SBSA and SSC organisation ............................... 17
3.2 Remote sensing 1972-89 .................................. 18
3.3 Nordsat and the 1979 Space Bill ......................... 21
3.4 Viking .................................................. 23
3.5 Tele-X: an experimental telecommunication satellite ..... 25
4. Mature steady-state: 1989-2006 .............................. 29
4.1 Freja ................................................... 29
4.2 Telecommunications ...................................... 31
4.3 Remote sensing 1989-2000 ................................ 32
4.4 Sounding rockets - Maxus and the Esrange Special
Project ................................................. 34
4.5 Small scientific satellites ............................. 38
4.6 Satellite names ......................................... 40
4.7 SMART-1 ................................................. 41
5. Sweden in space over time ................................... 43
5.1 A 'large technological system'? ......................... 43
5.2 Characteristics of Swedish space activities ............. 46
5.3 Organisational particularities .......................... 47
5.4 The military connection ................................. 48
5.5 Swedish space science - a brief summary ................. 49
5.6 Industry and its interests: the Saab Space example ...... 51
5.7 Reviews of the space sector ............................. 53
6. Timeline .................................................... 57
7. Abbreviations and acronyms .................................. 59
8. References .................................................. 61
8.1 Interviews .............................................. 61
8.2 Sources ................................................. 61
8.3 Internet references ..................................... 63
8.4 Literature .............................................. 63
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