 | Nunes R.R. On the qualification of airborne equipment for radiated emissions / Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Institut für Flugsystemtechnik, Braunschweig. - Köln: DLR, 2014. – xxvi, 190 p.: ill. - (Forschungsbericht; 2014-27). - Bibliogr.: S.185-190. - ISSN 1434-8454
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Acknowledgements .............................................. vii
Abstract ....................................................... ix
Kurzfassung .................................................... xi
Contents ..................................................... xiii
List of Figures .............................................. xvii
List of Tables .............................................. xxiii
List of Abbreviations ......................................... xxv
1 Introduction ................................................. 1
1.1 Electromagnetic Compatibility and Aircraft .............. 1
1.2 Objectives of the Work .................................. 3
1.3 Structure of the Work ................................... 4
2 EMC in Aeronautics ........................................... 7
2.1 Overview ................................................ 7
2.2 Aeronautical Certification .............................. 9
2.3 Existing EMC Test Methods .............................. 11
2.3.1 First Considerations ............................ 11
2.3.2 Practical EMC Tests ............................. 12
2.4 Summary ................................................ 15
3 Transfer Path in Aircraft ................................... 17
3.1 Introduction ........................................... 17
3.2 Methodology ............................................ 18
3.2.1 Measurement Setup ............................... 18
3.2.2 Limitations of the Measurement Setup ............ 26
3.2.3 Construction of Graphs for the Analysis of
Results ......................................... 28
3.2.4 Reliability Analysis ............................ 32
3.2.5 Reproducibility of Results ...................... 40
3.3 Back-Door Coupling to Experimental Apparatus ........... 48
3.4 Transfer Path According to the Antenna Position ........ 52
3.4.1 CODE ............................................ 53
3.4.2 ATTAS ........................................... 55
3.4.3 ATRA ............................................ 57
3.5 Statistical Analysis of the Transfer Path .............. 61
3.6 Effect of Measurement Configuration .................... 65
3.6.1 Influence of the Size of the Transmitting
Antenna ......................................... 66
3.6.2 Influence of the Polarisation of the
Transmitting Antenna ............................ 67
3.6.3 Measurements in Front of Doors .................. 70
3.6.4 Aircraft Door Open .............................. 72
3.6.5 Influence of the Hangar ......................... 74
3.6.6 Measurements in the Cargo Compartment ........... 77
3.6.7 Comparison between Measurement Campaigns ........ 79
3.7 Summary ................................................ 82
4 New EMC Test Method ......................................... 85
4.1 Introduction ........................................... 85
4.2 Detection Antennas ..................................... 86
4.3 Tests at the OATS and in the RC ........................ 88
4.3.1 Antennas under Test ............................. 88
4.3.2 Open Area Test Site ............................. 89
4.3.3 Reverberation Chamber ........................... 94
4.4 Transfer Path Measurements in Aircraft ................. 96
4.4.1 Measurement Setup ............................... 96
4.4.2 Initial Analysis ................................ 99
4.4.3 Cumulative Distributions ....................... 103
4.4.4 Subtracted Transfer Path ....................... 105
4.4.5 Limited Positions of Analysis .................. 112
4.4.6 Investigation of Long-Wire Arrangement ......... 115
4.5 Practical Measurements in Aircraft .................... 123
4.5.1 Estimation of the Immunity Level of NAV/COM
Receivers ...................................... 123
4.5.2 Immunity Level Compared with Power Received
by Detection Antennas .......................... 125
4.5.3 Measurements of the Electromagnetic
Environment .................................... 127
4.6 Final Considerations on the Test Method ............... 132
4.7 Summary ............................................... 134
5 Measurements with Absorbing Films .......................... 137
5.1 Introduction .......................................... 137
5.2 Measurement Setup ..................................... 139
5.2.1 General ........................................ 139
5.2.2 Absorbing Films ................................ 141
5.3 Films Covering Cabin Ceiling and Sides ................ 143
5.3.1 Reference Antenna in the Cabin ................. 143
5.3.2 NAV/COM Systems in ATTAS ....................... 144
5.3.3 NAV/COM Systems in ATRA ........................ 149
5.4 Films Covering Doors and Cockpit ...................... 154
5.5 Further Analysis in the Time Domain ................... 157
5.5.1 Reference Antenna in the Cabin ................. 158
5.5.2 NAV/COM Systems ................................ 161
5.6 Summary ............................................... 166
6 Conclusion ................................................. 169
6.1 Results ............................................... 169
6.2 Perspectives .......................................... 170
Appendix A - System Analysis ................................. 173
A.1 System Analysis of the Equipment ...................... 173
A.2 System Analysis of the Aircraft ....................... 175
A.3 EMC Measures .......................................... 177
Appendix В - Long-Wire: Standing Waves ....................... 179
Appendix C - STP near FTI positions .......................... 183
Literature .................................................... 185
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