ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................... vii
NOTE ON TRANSLITERATION ........................................ xi
INTRODUCTION ................................................. xiii
CHAPTER ONE
From Moscow, Leningrad, and Ukraine to the Golden Valley ........ 3
Lavrentev Meets Novosibirsk .................................. 5
Khrushchev and Akademgorodok ................................. 8
A City of Science in Siberia ................................ 10
The Era of the Lowly Brick Has Ended! ....................... 14
The Soviet Scientific Hardware Store ........................ 21
Cadres Decide Everything .................................... 23
Utopia in the Golden Valley ................................. 31
CHAPTER TWO
Colliding Beams and Open Traps ................................. 43
The Atom in Soviet Culture .................................. 45
A Home for Wayward Accelerators in Siberia .................. 50
Colliding Beams ............................................. 54
Electron Cooling and Acceleration of Heavy Particles ........ 59
Big Science and Industrial Accelerators ..................... 61
Fusion and the Promise of Virtually Unlimited Energy ........ 67
Akademgorodok Spring (with Apologies to Czechoslovakia) ..... 77
Siberian Physics in the 1990s ............................... 79
CHAPTER THREE
Siberia—Land of Eternally Green Tomatoes ....................... 82
The Nine Lives of Trofim Dеnisovich Lysenko ................. 83
Genetics Underground ........................................ 87
Napoleon to the Rescue ..................................... 100
The Institute of Cytology and Genetics: Personalities and
Growing Pains .............................................. 103
The Institute without Walls Opens Its Doors ................ 108
The Industrialization of Agriculture ....................... 111
Will There, Be Green Tomatoes in the 1990s? ................ 116
CHAPTER FOUR
Machines Can Think, but Can Humans? ........................... 120
Soviet Cybernetics and Computers in the 1950s and 1960s .... 121
Akademgorodok's Computer Troika ............................ 124
The Development of the Computer in the USSR ................ 128
Informatization versus Computerization ..................... 130
Ershov Arrives at Akademgorodok ............................ 133
The Computer Center's Research Program, 1960-1990 .......... 138
Automated Management Systems ............................... 150
Artificial Intelligence in Akademgorodok ................... 153
Computer Science Enters the 1990s .......................... 159
CHAPTER FIVE
Siberian Scientists and the Engineers of Nature ............... 163
Siberia Faces the Shovel and Ax ............................ 167
Paper Mills and Pure Water ................................. 172
Baikal Meets the Bulldozer ................................. 183
The Siberian Rivers Diversion Project ...................... 185
"Projects of the Century" Fall on Hard Times ............... 191
Baikal, Diversion, and Siberian Development under
Gorbachev and Yeltsin ...................................... 197
CHAPTER SIX
The Siberian Algorithm ........................................ 204
Economic Science from Stalin's Moscow to Akademgorodok ..... 205
Aganbegian Arrives at Akademgorodok ........................ 210
Economics East of the Urals ................................ 212
Siberian Economics Research under Aganbegian ............... 217
Taylorism Revisited ........................................ 218
Kantorovich and Linear Programming in Siberia .............. 220
Applied Economic Research for Siberian Development ......... 224
BAM—Magistral of the Century ............................... 229
Sociology Reborn: Tatiana Zaslavskaia in Akademgorodok ..... 232
Discontent in the Soviet Countryside ....................... 239
The Novosibirsk Report ..................................... 243
Market Relations and Political Turmoil ..................... 249
CHAPTER SEVEN
Crackdown: The Communist Party and Academic Freedom
in Akademgorodok ........................................... 263
What If They Gave a Party and the Scientists Came? ......... 265
The Partkom of Akademgorodok ............................... 273
Science and Politics in Soviet Russia ...................... 277
The Innovation Beltway ..................................... 281
Science and Ideology in Akademgorodok ...................... 289
Ideological Showdown ....................................... 296
An End to Academic Freedom ................................. 302
EPILOGUE ...................................................... 305
NOTES ......................................................... 311
INDEX ......................................................... 343
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