Preface to the Third Edition .................................. vii
Preface to the Second Edition .................................. ix
Contributors .................................................. xxv
CHAPTER 1: Foundations of confocal scanned imaging in light
microscopy .......................................... 1
Shinya Inoué
CHAPTER 2: Fundamental limits in confocal microscopy .......... 20
James B. Pawley
CHAPTER 3: Special optical elements ........................... 43
Jens Rietdorf, Ernst H.K. Stelzer
CHAPTER 4: Points, pixels, and gray levels: digitizing
image data ......................................... 59
James B. Pawley
CHAPTER 5: Laser sources for confocal microscopy .............. 80
Enrico Gratton, Martin J. vandeVen
CHAPTER 6: Non-laser light sources for three-dimensional
microscopy ........................................ 126
Andreas Nolte, James B. Pawley, Lutz Höring
CHAPTER 7: Objective lenses for confocal microscopy .......... 145
H. Ernst Keller
CHAPTER 8: The contrast formation in optical microscopy ...... 162
Ping-Chin Cheng
CHAPTER 9: The intermediate optical system of laser-
scanning confocal microscopes ..................... 207
Ernst H. K. Stelzer
CHAPTER 10: Disk-scanning confocal microscopy ................. 221
Derek Toomre, James B. Pawley
CHAPTER 11: Measuring the real point spread functin of
high numerical aperture microscope objective
lenses ............................................ 239
Rimas Juškaitis
CHAPTER 12: Photon detectors for confocal microscopy .......... 251
Jonathan Art
CHAPTER 13: Structured illimination ........................... 265
Rainer Heintzmann
CHAPTER 14: Visualization systems for multi-dimensional
microscopy images ................................. 280
N.S. White
CHAPTER 15: Automated three-dimensional image analysis
methods for confocal miscroscopy .................. 316
Badrinath Roysam, Gang Lin, Muhammad-Amri
Abdul-Karim, Omar Al-Kofahi, Khalid Al-Kofahi,
William Shain, Donald H. Szarowsk, James
N. Turner
CHAPTER 16: Fluorophores for confocal microscopy:
photophysics and photochemistry ................... 338
Roger Y. Tsien, Lauren Ernst, Alan Waggoner
CHAPTER 17: Practical considerations in the selection and
application of fluorescent probes ................. 353
Iain D. Johnson
CHAPTER 18: Guiding principles of specimen preservation for
confocal fluorescence microscopy .................. 368
Robert Bacallao, Sadaf Sohrab, Carrie Phillips
CHAPTER 19: Confocal microscopy of living cells ............... 381
Michael E. Dailey, Erik Manders, David R. Soll,
Mark Terasaki
CHAPTER 20: Abberations in confocal and multi-photon
fluorescence microscopy induced by refractive
index mismatch .................................... 404
Alexander Egner, Stefan W. Hell
CHAPTER 21: Interaction of light with botanical specimens ..... 414
Ping-Chin Cheng
CHAPTER 22: Signal-to-noise ratio in confocal microscopes ..... 442
Colin J. R. Sheppard, Xiaosong Gan, Min Gu,
Maitreyee Roy
CHAPTER 23: Comparison of widefield/deconvolution and
confocal microscopy for three-dimensional
imaging ........................................... 453
Peter J. Shaw
CHAPTER 24: Blind deconvolution ............................... 468
Timothy J. Holmes, David Biggs, Asad Abu-Tarif
CHAPTER 25: Image enhancement by deconvolution ................ 488
Mark B. Cannell, Angus McMorland, Christian
Soeller
CHAPTER 26: Fiber-optics in scanning optical microscopy ....... 501
Peter Delaney, Martin Harris
CHAPTER 27: Fluorescence lifetime imaging in scanning
microscopy ........................................ 516
H.C. Gerritsen, A. Draaijer, D.J. van den
Heuvel, A.V. Agronskaia
CHAPTER 28: Multi-photon molecular excitation in laser-
scanning microscopy ............................... 535
Winfried Denk, David W. Piston, Watt W. Webb
CHAPTER 29: Multifocal multi-photon microscopy ................ 550
Jörg Bewersdorf, Alexander Egner, Stefan W. Hell
CHAPTER 30: 4Pi microscopy .................................... 561
Jörg Bewersdorf, Alexander Egner, Stefan W. Hell
CHAPTER 31: Nanoscale resolution with focused light:
stimulated emission depletion and other
reversible saturable optical fluorescence
transitions microscopy concepts ................... 571
Stefan W. Hell, Katrin I. Willig, Marcus Dyba,
Stefan Jakobs, Lars Kastrup, Volker Westphal
CHAPTER 32: Mass storage, display, and hard copy .............. 580
Guy Cox
CHAPTER 33: Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering
microscopy ........................................ 595
X. Sunney Xie, Ji-Xin Cheng, Eric Potma
CHAPTER 34: Related methods for three-dimensional imaging ..... 607
J. Michael Tyszka, Seth W. Ruffins, Jamey P.
Weichert, Michael J. Paulus, Scott E. Fraser
CHAPTER 35: Tutorial on practical confocal microscopy and
use of the confocal test specimen ................. 627
Victoria Centonze, James B. Pawley
CHAPTER 36: Practical confocal microscopy ..................... 650
Alan R. Hibbs, Glen MacDonald, Karl Garsha
CHAPTER 37: Selective plane illumination microscopy ........... 672
Jan Huisken, Jim Swoger, Steffen Lindek,
Ernst H.K. Stelzer
CHAPTER 38: Cell damage during multi-photon microscopy ........ 680
Karsten König
CHAPTER 39: Photobleaching .................................... 690
Alberto Diaspro, Giuseppe Chirico, Cesare Usai,
Paola Ramoino, Jurek Dobrucki
CHAPTER 40: Nonlinear (harmonic generation) optical
microscopy ........................................ 703
Ping-Chin Cheng, C.K. Sun
CHAPTER 41: Imaging brain slices .............................. 722
Ayumu Tashiro, Gloster Aaron, Dmitriy Aronov,
Rosa Cossart, Daniella Dumitriu, Vivian
Fenstermaker, Jesse Goldberg, Farid Hamzei-
Sichani, Yuji Ikegaya, Sila Konur, Jason
MacLean, Boaz Nemet, Volodymyr Nikolenko,
Carlos Portera-Cailliau, Rafael Yuste
CHAPTER 42: Flurorescent ion measurement ...................... 736
Mark B. Cannell, Stephen H. Cody
CHAPTER 43: Confocal and multi-photon imaging of living
embryos ........................................... 746
Jeff Hardin
CHAPTER 44: Imaging plant cells ............................... 769
Nuno Moreno, Susan Bougourd, Jim Haseloff,
Jos&eacte; A. Feijó
CHAPTER 45: Practical fluorescence resonance energy
transfer or molecular nanobioscopy of living
cells ............................................. 788
Irina Majoul, Yiwei Jia, Rainer Duden
CHAPTER 46: Automated confocal imaging and high-content
screening for cytomics ............................ 809
Maria A. DeBernardi, Stephen M. Hewitt, Andres
Kriete
CHAPTER 47: Automated interpretation of subcellular
location patterns from three dimensional
confocal microscopy ............................... 818
Ting Zhao, Robert F. Murphy
CHAPTER 48: Display and presentation software ................. 829
Felix Margadant
CHAPTER 49: When light microscope resolution is not enough:
correlational light microscopy and electron
microscopy ........................................ 846
Paul Sims, Ralph Albrecht, James B. Pawley,
Victoria Centonze, Thomas Deerinck, Jeff Hardin
CHAPTER 50: Databases for two- and three-dimensional
microscopical images in biology ................... 861
Steffen Lindek, Nicholas J. Salmon, Ernst H.K.
Stelzer
CHAPTER 51: Confocal microscopy of biofilms -
spatiotemporal approaches ......................... 870
R.J. Palmer, Jr., Janus A.J. Haagensen, Thomas
R. Neu, Claus Sternberg
CHAPTER 52: Bibliography of confocal microscopy ............... 889
Robert H. Webb
APPENDIX 1. Practical tips for two-photon microscopy .......... 900
Mark B. Cannell, Angus McMorland, Christian
Soeller
APPENDIX 2. Light paths of the current commercial confocal
light microscopes used in biology ................. 906
James B. Pawley
APPENDIX 3. More than you ever really wanted to know about
charge-couples devices ............................ 919
James B. Pawley
INDEX ......................................................... 933
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